/* Lossless_UDP.c * * An implementation of the Lossless_UDP protocol as seen in docs/Lossless_UDP.txt * * Copyright (C) 2013 Tox project All Rights Reserved. * * This file is part of Tox. * * Tox is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * Tox is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with Tox. If not, see . * */ /* TODO: clean this file a bit. There are a couple of useless variables to get rid of. */ #include "Lossless_UDP.h" /* maximum data packets in sent and receive queues. */ #define MAX_QUEUE_NUM 16 /* maximum length of the data in the data packets */ /* #define MAX_DATA_SIZE 1024 */ /* defined in Lossless_UDP.h */ /* maximum number of data packets in the buffer */ #define BUFFER_PACKET_NUM (16-1) /* Lossless UDP connection timeout. timeout per connection is randomly set between CONNEXION_TIMEOUT and 2*CONNEXION_TIMEOUT */ #define CONNEXION_TIMEOUT 5 /* initial amount of sync/hanshake packets to send per second. */ #define SYNC_RATE 2 /* initial send rate of data. */ #define DATA_SYNC_RATE 30 typedef struct { uint8_t data[MAX_DATA_SIZE]; uint16_t size; }Data; typedef struct { IP_Port ip_port; uint8_t status; /* 0 if connection is dead, 1 if attempting handshake, 2 if handshake is done (we start sending SYNC packets) 3 if we are sending SYNC packets and can send data 4 if the connection has timed out. */ uint8_t inbound; /* 1 or 2 if connection was initiated by someone else, 0 if not. 2 if incoming_connection() has not returned it yet, 1 if it has. */ uint16_t SYNC_rate; /* current SYNC packet send rate packets per second. */ uint16_t data_rate; /* current data packet send rate packets per second. */ uint64_t last_SYNC; /* time at which our last SYNC packet was sent. */ uint64_t last_sent; /* time at which our last data or handshake packet was sent. */ uint64_t last_recvSYNC; /* time at which we last received a SYNC packet from the other */ uint64_t last_recvdata; /* time at which we last received a DATA packet from the other */ uint64_t killat; /* time at which to kill the connection */ Data sendbuffer[MAX_QUEUE_NUM]; /* packet send buffer. */ Data recvbuffer[MAX_QUEUE_NUM]; /* packet receive buffer. */ uint32_t handshake_id1; uint32_t handshake_id2; uint32_t recv_packetnum; /* number of data packets received (also used as handshake_id1) */ uint32_t orecv_packetnum; /* number of packets received by the other peer */ uint32_t sent_packetnum; /* number of data packets sent */ uint32_t osent_packetnum; /* number of packets sent by the other peer. */ uint32_t sendbuff_packetnum; /* number of latest packet written onto the sendbuffer */ uint32_t successful_sent; /* we know all packets before that number were successfully sent */ uint32_t successful_read; /* packet number of last packet read with the read_packet function */ uint32_t req_packets[BUFFER_PACKET_NUM]; /* list of currently requested packet numbers(by the other person) */ uint16_t num_req_paquets; /* total number of currently requested packets(by the other person) */ uint8_t recv_counter; uint8_t send_counter; uint8_t timeout; /* connection timeout in seconds. */ }Connection; #define MAX_CONNECTIONS 256 static Connection connections[MAX_CONNECTIONS]; /* static uint32_t numconnections; */ /* Functions */ /* get connection id from IP_Port return -1 if there are no connections like we are looking for return id if it found it */ int getconnection_id(IP_Port ip_port) { uint32_t i; for(i = 0; i < MAX_CONNECTIONS; ++i) if(connections[i].ip_port.ip.i == ip_port.ip.i && connections[i].ip_port.port == ip_port.port && connections[i].status > 0) return i; return -1; } /* table of random numbers used below. */ static uint32_t randtable[6][256]; /* generate a handshake_id which depends on the ip_port. this function will always give one unique handshake_id per ip_port. TODO: make this better */ uint32_t handshake_id(IP_Port source) { uint32_t id = 0, i; for(i = 0; i < 6; ++i) { if(randtable[i][((uint8_t *)&source)[i]] == 0) randtable[i][((uint8_t *)&source)[i]] = random_int(); id ^= randtable[i][((uint8_t *)&source)[i]]; } if(id == 0) /* id can't be zero */ id = 1; return id; } /* change the hnshake id associated with that ip_port TODO: make this better */ void change_handshake(IP_Port source) { uint8_t rand = random_int() % 4; randtable[rand][((uint8_t *)&source)[rand]] = random_int(); } /* initialize a new connection to ip_port returns an integer corresponding to the connection id. return -1 if it could not initialize the connection. if there already was an existing connection to that ip_port return its number. */ int new_connection(IP_Port ip_port) { int connect = getconnection_id(ip_port); if(connect != -1) return connect; uint32_t i; for(i = 0; i < MAX_CONNECTIONS; ++i) { if(connections[i].status == 0) { memset(&connections[i], 0, sizeof(Connection)); connections[i].ip_port = ip_port; connections[i].status = 1; connections[i].inbound = 0; connections[i].handshake_id1 = handshake_id(ip_port); connections[i].sent_packetnum = connections[i].handshake_id1; connections[i].sendbuff_packetnum = connections[i].handshake_id1; connections[i].successful_sent = connections[i].handshake_id1; connections[i].SYNC_rate = SYNC_RATE; connections[i].data_rate = DATA_SYNC_RATE; connections[i].last_recvSYNC = current_time(); connections[i].last_sent = current_time(); connections[i].killat = ~0; connections[i].send_counter = 0; /* add randomness to timeout to prevent connections getting stuck in a loop. */ connections[i].timeout = CONNEXION_TIMEOUT + rand() % CONNEXION_TIMEOUT; return i; } } return -1; } /* initialize a new inbound connection from ip_port returns an integer corresponding to the connection id. return -1 if it could not initialize the connection. */ int new_inconnection(IP_Port ip_port) { if(getconnection_id(ip_port) != -1) return -1; uint32_t i; for(i = 0; i < MAX_CONNECTIONS; ++i) { if(connections[i].status == 0) { memset(&connections[i], 0, sizeof(Connection)); connections[i].ip_port = ip_port; connections[i].status = 2; connections[i].inbound = 2; connections[i].SYNC_rate = SYNC_RATE; connections[i].data_rate = DATA_SYNC_RATE; connections[i].last_recvSYNC = current_time(); connections[i].last_sent = current_time(); /* add randomness to timeout to prevent connections getting stuck in a loop. */ connections[i].timeout = CONNEXION_TIMEOUT + rand() % CONNEXION_TIMEOUT; /* if this connection isn't handled within the timeout kill it. */ connections[i].killat = current_time() + 1000000UL*connections[i].timeout; connections[i].send_counter = 127; return i; } } return -1; } /* returns an integer corresponding to the next connection in our incoming connection list return -1 if there are no new incoming connections in the list. */ int incoming_connection() { uint32_t i; for(i = 0; i < MAX_CONNECTIONS; ++i) if(connections[i].inbound == 2) { connections[i].inbound = 1; return i; } return -1; } /* return -1 if it could not kill the connection. return 0 if killed successfully */ int kill_connection(int connection_id) { if(connection_id >= 0 && connection_id < MAX_CONNECTIONS) if(connections[connection_id].status > 0) { connections[connection_id].status = 0; change_handshake(connections[connection_id].ip_port); return 0; } return -1; } /* kill connection in seconds seconds. return -1 if it can not kill the connection. return 0 if it will kill it */ int kill_connection_in(int connection_id, uint32_t seconds) { if(connection_id >= 0 && connection_id < MAX_CONNECTIONS) if(connections[connection_id].status > 0) { connections[connection_id].killat = current_time() + 1000000UL*seconds; return 0; } return -1; } /* check if connection is connected return 0 no. return 1 if attempting handshake return 2 if handshake is done return 3 if fully connected return 4 if timed out and waiting to be killed */ int is_connected(int connection_id) { if(connection_id >= 0 && connection_id < MAX_CONNECTIONS) return connections[connection_id].status; return 0; } /* returns the ip_port of the corresponding connection. */ IP_Port connection_ip(int connection_id) { if(connection_id >= 0 && connection_id < MAX_CONNECTIONS) return connections[connection_id].ip_port; IP_Port zero = {{{0}}, 0}; return zero; } /* returns the number of packets in the queue waiting to be successfully sent. */ uint32_t sendqueue(int connection_id) { return connections[connection_id].sendbuff_packetnum - connections[connection_id].successful_sent; } /* returns the number of packets in the queue waiting to be successfully read with read_packet(...) */ uint32_t recvqueue(int connection_id) { return connections[connection_id].recv_packetnum - connections[connection_id].successful_read; } /* returns the id of the next packet in the queue return -1 if no packet in queue */ char id_packet(int connection_id) { if(recvqueue(connection_id) != 0 && connections[connection_id].status != 0) return connections[connection_id].recvbuffer[connections[connection_id].successful_read % MAX_QUEUE_NUM].data[0]; return -1; } /* return 0 if there is no received data in the buffer. return length of received packet if successful */ int read_packet(int connection_id, uint8_t * data) { if(recvqueue(connection_id) != 0) { uint16_t index = connections[connection_id].successful_read % MAX_QUEUE_NUM; uint16_t size = connections[connection_id].recvbuffer[index].size; memcpy(data, connections[connection_id].recvbuffer[index].data, size); ++connections[connection_id].successful_read; connections[connection_id].recvbuffer[index].size = 0; return size; } return 0; } /* return 0 if data could not be put in packet queue return 1 if data was put into the queue */ int write_packet(int connection_id, uint8_t * data, uint32_t length) { if(length > MAX_DATA_SIZE) return 0; if(length == 0) return 0; if(sendqueue(connection_id) < BUFFER_PACKET_NUM) { uint32_t index = connections[connection_id].sendbuff_packetnum % MAX_QUEUE_NUM; memcpy(connections[connection_id].sendbuffer[index].data, data, length); connections[connection_id].sendbuffer[index].size = length; connections[connection_id].sendbuff_packetnum++; return 1; } return 0; } /* put the packet numbers the we are missing in requested and return the number */ uint32_t missing_packets(int connection_id, uint32_t * requested) { uint32_t number = 0; uint32_t i; uint32_t temp; if(recvqueue(connection_id) >= (BUFFER_PACKET_NUM - 1)) /* don't request packets if the buffer is full. */ return 0; for(i = connections[connection_id].recv_packetnum; i != connections[connection_id].osent_packetnum; i++ ) if(connections[connection_id].recvbuffer[i % MAX_QUEUE_NUM].size == 0) { temp = htonl(i); memcpy(requested + number, &temp, 4); ++number; } if(number == 0) connections[connection_id].recv_packetnum = connections[connection_id].osent_packetnum; return number; } /* Packet sending functions One per packet type. see docs/Lossless_UDP.txt for more information. */ int send_handshake(IP_Port ip_port, uint32_t handshake_id1, uint32_t handshake_id2) { uint8_t packet[1 + 4 + 4]; uint32_t temp; packet[0] = 16; temp = htonl(handshake_id1); memcpy(packet + 1, &temp, 4); temp = htonl(handshake_id2); memcpy(packet + 5, &temp, 4); return sendpacket(ip_port, packet, sizeof(packet)); } int send_SYNC(uint32_t connection_id) { uint8_t packet[(BUFFER_PACKET_NUM*4 + 4 + 4 + 2)]; uint16_t index = 0; IP_Port ip_port = connections[connection_id].ip_port; uint8_t counter = connections[connection_id].send_counter; uint32_t recv_packetnum = htonl(connections[connection_id].recv_packetnum); uint32_t sent_packetnum = htonl(connections[connection_id].sent_packetnum); uint32_t requested[BUFFER_PACKET_NUM]; uint32_t number = missing_packets(connection_id, requested); packet[0] = 17; index += 1; memcpy(packet + index, &counter, 1); index += 1; memcpy(packet + index, &recv_packetnum, 4); index += 4; memcpy(packet + index, &sent_packetnum, 4); index += 4; memcpy(packet + index, requested, 4 * number); return sendpacket(ip_port, packet, (number*4 + 4 + 4 + 2)); } int send_data_packet(uint32_t connection_id, uint32_t packet_num) { uint32_t index = packet_num % MAX_QUEUE_NUM; uint32_t temp; uint8_t packet[1 + 4 + MAX_DATA_SIZE]; packet[0] = 18; temp = htonl(packet_num); memcpy(packet + 1, &temp, 4); memcpy(packet + 5, connections[connection_id].sendbuffer[index].data, connections[connection_id].sendbuffer[index].size); return sendpacket(connections[connection_id].ip_port, packet, 1 + 4 + connections[connection_id].sendbuffer[index].size); } /* sends 1 data packet */ int send_DATA(uint32_t connection_id) { int ret; uint32_t buffer[BUFFER_PACKET_NUM]; if(connections[connection_id].num_req_paquets > 0) { ret = send_data_packet(connection_id, connections[connection_id].req_packets[0]); connections[connection_id].num_req_paquets--; memcpy(buffer, connections[connection_id].req_packets + 1, connections[connection_id].num_req_paquets * 4); memcpy(connections[connection_id].req_packets, buffer, connections[connection_id].num_req_paquets * 4); return ret; } if(connections[connection_id].sendbuff_packetnum != connections[connection_id].sent_packetnum) { ret = send_data_packet(connection_id, connections[connection_id].sent_packetnum); connections[connection_id].sent_packetnum++; return ret; } return 0; } /* END of packet sending functions */ /* Packet handling functions One to handle each type of packets we receive return 0 if handled correctly, 1 if packet is bad. */ int handle_handshake(uint8_t * packet, uint32_t length, IP_Port source) { if(length != (1 + 4 + 4)) return 1; uint32_t temp; uint32_t handshake_id1, handshake_id2; int connection = getconnection_id(source); memcpy(&temp, packet + 1, 4); handshake_id1 = ntohl(temp); memcpy(&temp, packet + 5, 4); handshake_id2 = ntohl(temp); if(handshake_id2 == 0) { send_handshake(source, handshake_id(source), handshake_id1); return 0; } if(is_connected(connection) != 1) return 1; if(handshake_id2 == connections[connection].handshake_id1) { /* if handshake_id2 is what we sent previously as handshake_id1 */ connections[connection].status = 2; /* NOTE: is this necessary? connections[connection].handshake_id2 = handshake_id1; */ connections[connection].orecv_packetnum = handshake_id2; connections[connection].osent_packetnum = handshake_id1; connections[connection].recv_packetnum = handshake_id1; connections[connection].successful_read = handshake_id1; } return 0; } /* returns 1 if sync packet is valid 0 if not. */ int SYNC_valid(uint32_t length) { if(length < 4 + 4 + 2) return 0; if(length > (BUFFER_PACKET_NUM*4 + 4 + 4 + 2) || ((length - 4 - 4 - 2) % 4) != 0) return 0; return 1; } /* case 1: */ int handle_SYNC1(IP_Port source, uint32_t recv_packetnum, uint32_t sent_packetnum) { if(handshake_id(source) == recv_packetnum) { int x = new_inconnection(source); if(x != -1) { connections[x].orecv_packetnum = recv_packetnum; connections[x].sent_packetnum = recv_packetnum; connections[x].sendbuff_packetnum = recv_packetnum; connections[x].successful_sent = recv_packetnum; connections[x].osent_packetnum = sent_packetnum; connections[x].recv_packetnum = sent_packetnum; connections[x].successful_read = sent_packetnum; return x; } } return -1; } /* case 2: */ int handle_SYNC2(int connection_id, uint8_t counter, uint32_t recv_packetnum, uint32_t sent_packetnum) { if(recv_packetnum == connections[connection_id].orecv_packetnum) { /* && sent_packetnum == connections[connection_id].osent_packetnum) */ connections[connection_id].status = 3; connections[connection_id].recv_counter = counter; ++connections[connection_id].send_counter; send_SYNC(connection_id); return 0; } return 1; } /* case 3: */ int handle_SYNC3(int connection_id, uint8_t counter, uint32_t recv_packetnum, uint32_t sent_packetnum, uint32_t * req_packets, uint16_t number) { uint8_t comp_counter = (counter - connections[connection_id].recv_counter ); uint32_t i, temp; /* uint32_t comp_1 = (recv_packetnum - connections[connection_id].successful_sent); uint32_t comp_2 = (sent_packetnum - connections[connection_id].successful_read); */ uint32_t comp_1 = (recv_packetnum - connections[connection_id].orecv_packetnum); uint32_t comp_2 = (sent_packetnum - connections[connection_id].osent_packetnum); if(comp_1 <= BUFFER_PACKET_NUM && comp_2 <= BUFFER_PACKET_NUM && comp_counter < 10 && comp_counter != 0) { /* packet valid */ connections[connection_id].orecv_packetnum = recv_packetnum; connections[connection_id].osent_packetnum = sent_packetnum; connections[connection_id].successful_sent = recv_packetnum; connections[connection_id].last_recvSYNC = current_time(); connections[connection_id].recv_counter = counter; ++connections[connection_id].send_counter; for(i = 0; i < number; ++i) { temp = ntohl(req_packets[i]); memcpy(connections[connection_id].req_packets + i, &temp, 4 * number); } connections[connection_id].num_req_paquets = number; return 0; } return 1; } int handle_SYNC(uint8_t * packet, uint32_t length, IP_Port source) { if(!SYNC_valid(length)) return 1; int connection = getconnection_id(source); uint8_t counter; uint32_t temp; uint32_t recv_packetnum, sent_packetnum; uint32_t req_packets[BUFFER_PACKET_NUM]; uint16_t number = (length - 4 - 4 - 2)/ 4; memcpy(&counter, packet + 1, 1); memcpy(&temp, packet + 2, 4); recv_packetnum = ntohl(temp); memcpy(&temp,packet + 6, 4); sent_packetnum = ntohl(temp); if(number != 0) memcpy(req_packets, packet + 10, 4 * number); if(connection == -1) return handle_SYNC1(source, recv_packetnum, sent_packetnum); if(connections[connection].status == 2) return handle_SYNC2(connection, counter, recv_packetnum, sent_packetnum); if(connections[connection].status == 3) return handle_SYNC3(connection, counter, recv_packetnum, sent_packetnum, req_packets, number); return 0; } /* add a packet to the received buffer and set the recv_packetnum of the connection to its proper value. return 1 if data was too big, 0 if not. */ int add_recv(int connection_id, uint32_t data_num, uint8_t * data, uint16_t size) { if(size > MAX_DATA_SIZE) return 1; uint32_t i; uint32_t maxnum = connections[connection_id].successful_read + BUFFER_PACKET_NUM; uint32_t sent_packet = data_num - connections[connection_id].osent_packetnum; for(i = connections[connection_id].recv_packetnum; i != maxnum; ++i) { if(i == data_num) { memcpy(connections[connection_id].recvbuffer[i % MAX_QUEUE_NUM].data, data, size); connections[connection_id].recvbuffer[i % MAX_QUEUE_NUM].size = size; connections[connection_id].last_recvdata = current_time(); if(sent_packet < BUFFER_PACKET_NUM) connections[connection_id].osent_packetnum = data_num; break; } } for(i = connections[connection_id].recv_packetnum; i != maxnum; ++i) { if(connections[connection_id].recvbuffer[i % MAX_QUEUE_NUM].size != 0) connections[connection_id].recv_packetnum = i; else break; } return 0; } int handle_data(uint8_t * packet, uint32_t length, IP_Port source) { int connection = getconnection_id(source); if(connection == -1) return 1; if(connections[connection].status != 3) /* Drop the data packet if connection is not connected. */ return 1; if(length > 1 + 4 + MAX_DATA_SIZE || length < 1 + 4 + 1) return 1; uint32_t temp; uint32_t number; uint16_t size = length - 1 - 4; memcpy(&temp, packet + 1, 4); number = ntohl(temp); return add_recv(connection, number, packet + 5, size); } /* END of packet handling functions */ int LosslessUDP_handlepacket(uint8_t * packet, uint32_t length, IP_Port source) { switch (packet[0]) { case 16: return handle_handshake(packet, length, source); case 17: return handle_SYNC(packet, length, source); case 18: return handle_data(packet, length, source); default: return 1; } return 0; } /* Send handshake requests handshake packets are sent at the same rate as SYNC packets */ void doNew() { uint32_t i; uint64_t temp_time = current_time(); for(i = 0; i < MAX_CONNECTIONS; ++i) { if(connections[i].status == 1) if((connections[i].last_sent + (1000000UL/connections[i].SYNC_rate)) <= temp_time) { send_handshake(connections[i].ip_port, connections[i].handshake_id1, 0); connections[i].last_sent = temp_time; } /* kill all timed out connections */ if( connections[i].status > 0 && (connections[i].last_recvSYNC + connections[i].timeout * 1000000UL) < temp_time && connections[i].status != 4) /* kill_connection(i); */ connections[i].status = 4; if(connections[i].status > 0 && connections[i].killat < temp_time) kill_connection(i); } } void doSYNC() { uint32_t i; uint64_t temp_time = current_time(); for(i = 0; i < MAX_CONNECTIONS; ++i) { if(connections[i].status == 2 || connections[i].status == 3) if((connections[i].last_SYNC + (1000000UL/connections[i].SYNC_rate)) <= temp_time) { send_SYNC(i); connections[i].last_SYNC = temp_time; } } } void doData() { uint32_t i; uint64_t j; uint64_t temp_time = current_time(); for(i = 0; i < MAX_CONNECTIONS; ++i) if(connections[i].status == 3 && sendqueue(i) != 0) if((connections[i].last_sent + (1000000UL/connections[i].data_rate)) <= temp_time) { for(j = connections[i].last_sent; j < temp_time; j += (1000000UL/connections[i].data_rate)) send_DATA(i); connections[i].last_sent = temp_time; } } /* TODO: flow control. automatically adjusts send rates of packets for optimal transmission. */ #define MAX_SYNC_RATE 10 void adjustRates() { uint32_t i; uint64_t temp_time = current_time(); for(i = 0; i < MAX_CONNECTIONS; ++i) { if(connections[i].status == 1 || connections[i].status == 2) connections[i].SYNC_rate = MAX_SYNC_RATE; if(connections[i].status == 3) { if(sendqueue(i) != 0) { connections[i].data_rate = (BUFFER_PACKET_NUM - connections[i].num_req_paquets) * MAX_SYNC_RATE; connections[i].SYNC_rate = MAX_SYNC_RATE; } else if(connections[i].last_recvdata + 1000000UL > temp_time) connections[i].SYNC_rate = MAX_SYNC_RATE; else connections[i].SYNC_rate = SYNC_RATE; } } } /* Call this function a couple times per second It's the main loop. */ void doLossless_UDP() { doNew(); doSYNC(); doData(); adjustRates(); }