path: root/kiki.hs

{-# LANGUAGE DoAndIfThenElse #-}
{-# LANGUAGE ViewPatterns  #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TupleSections #-}
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# LANGUAGE RankNTypes #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-}
{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
module Main where

import Debug.Trace
import GHC.Exts (Down(..))
import GHC.IO.Exception ( ioException, IOErrorType(..) )
import Data.IORef
import Data.Tuple
import Data.Binary
import Data.OpenPGP as OpenPGP
import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy as L
import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy.Char8 as Char8
import qualified Data.ByteString      as S
import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as S8
import Control.Monad
import qualified Text.Show.Pretty as PP
import Text.PrettyPrint as PP hiding ((<>))
import Data.List
import Data.OpenPGP.Util (verify,fingerprint,decryptSecretKey,pgpSign)
import Data.Ord
import Data.Maybe
import Data.Bits
import qualified Data.Text as T
import Data.Text.Encoding
import qualified Codec.Binary.Base32 as Base32
import qualified Codec.Binary.Base64 as Base64
import qualified Crypto.Hash.SHA1 as SHA1
import qualified Crypto.Hash.SHA256 as SHA256
import qualified Crypto.Hash.RIPEMD160 as RIPEMD160
import qualified Crypto.Types.PubKey.ECC as ECC
-- import qualified Crypto.Types.PubKey.ECDSA as ECDSA
-- import qualified Crypto.PubKey.ECC.ECDSA as ECDSA

import Data.Char (toLower)
import qualified Crypto.PubKey.RSA as RSA
-- import Crypto.Random (newGenIO,SystemRandom)
import Data.ASN1.Types
import Data.ASN1.Encoding
import Data.ASN1.BinaryEncoding
import Data.ASN1.BitArray
import qualified Data.Foldable as Foldable
import qualified Data.Sequence as Sequence
import Control.Applicative
import System.Environment
import System.Directory
import System.FilePath
import System.Exit
import System.Process
import System.Posix.IO (fdToHandle,fdRead)
import System.Posix.Files
import System.Posix.Signals
import System.Posix.Types (EpochTime)
import System.Process.Internals (runGenProcess_,defaultSignal)
import System.IO (hPutStrLn,stderr,withFile,IOMode(..))
import System.IO.Error
import ControlMaybe
import Data.Char
import Control.Arrow (first,second)
import Data.Traversable hiding (mapM,forM,sequence)
import qualified Data.Traversable as Traversable (mapM,forM,sequence)
-- import System.Console.CmdArgs
-- import System.Posix.Time
import Data.Time.Clock.POSIX
import Data.Monoid ((<>))
-- import Data.X509
import qualified Data.Map as Map
import DotLock
-- import Codec.Crypto.ECC.Base -- hecc package
import Text.Printf
import qualified CryptoCoins as CryptoCoins
import qualified Hosts
import Network.Socket -- (SockAddr)
import LengthPrefixedBE
import Data.Binary.Put (putWord32be,runPut,putByteString)
import Data.Binary.Get (runGet)

import KeyRing

-- instance Default S.ByteString where def = S.empty

-- DER-encoded elliptic curve ids
nistp256_id  = 0x2a8648ce3d030107
secp256k1_id = 0x2b8104000a

warn str = hPutStrLn stderr str

unprefix c spec = if null (snd p) then swap p else (fst p, tail (snd p))
 where p = break (==c) spec


{-
RSAPrivateKey ::= SEQUENCE {
  version           Version,
  modulus           INTEGER,  -- n
  publicExponent    INTEGER,  -- e
  privateExponent   INTEGER,  -- d
  prime1            INTEGER,  -- p
  prime2            INTEGER,  -- q
  exponent1         INTEGER,  -- d mod (p1) -- ?? d mod (p-1)
  exponent2         INTEGER,  -- d mod (q-1)
  coefficient       INTEGER,  -- (inverse of q) mod p
  otherPrimeInfos   OtherPrimeInfos OPTIONAL
}
-}

sshrsa :: Integer -> Integer -> Char8.ByteString
sshrsa e n = runPut $ do
    putWord32be 7
    putByteString "ssh-rsa"
    put (LengthPrefixedBE e)
    put (LengthPrefixedBE n)

decode_sshrsa :: Char8.ByteString -> Maybe RSAPublicKey
decode_sshrsa bs = do
    let (pre,bs1) = Char8.splitAt 11 bs
    guard $ pre == runPut (putWord32be 7 >> putByteString "ssh-rsa")
    let rsakey = flip runGet bs1 $ do
            LengthPrefixedBE e <- get
            LengthPrefixedBE n <- get
            return $ RSAKey (MPI n) (MPI e)
    return rsakey
        

rsaPrivateKeyFromPacket :: Packet -> Maybe RSAPrivateKey
rsaPrivateKeyFromPacket pkt@(SecretKeyPacket {}) = do
    -- public fields...
    n <- lookup 'n' $ key pkt
    e <- lookup 'e' $ key pkt
    -- secret fields
    MPI d <- lookup 'd' $ key pkt
    MPI q <- lookup 'p' $ key pkt -- Note: p & q swapped
    MPI p <- lookup 'q' $ key pkt -- Note: p & q swapped

    -- Note: Here we fail if 'u' key is missing.
    -- Ideally, it would be better to compute (inverse q) mod p
    -- see Algebra.Structures.EuclideanDomain.extendedEuclidAlg
    --     (package constructive-algebra)
    coefficient <- lookup 'u' $ key pkt 

    let dmodp1 = MPI $ d `mod` (p - 1)
        dmodqminus1 = MPI $ d `mod` (q - 1)
    return $ RSAPrivateKey 
        { rsaN = n
        , rsaE = e
        , rsaD = MPI d
        , rsaP = MPI p
        , rsaQ = MPI q
        , rsaDmodP1 = dmodp1
        , rsaDmodQminus1 = dmodqminus1
        , rsaCoefficient = coefficient }
rsaPrivateKeyFromPacket _ = Nothing


{-
getPackets :: IO [Packet]
getPackets = do
    input <- L.getContents
    case decodeOrFail input of
        Right (_,_,Message pkts) -> return pkts
        Left  (_,_,_)            -> return []
-}


writePEM typ dta = pem
 where
    pem = unlines . concat $
            [ ["-----BEGIN " <> typ <> "-----"]
            , split64s dta
            , ["-----END " <> typ <> "-----"] ]
    split64s "" = []
    split64s dta = line : split64s rest where (line,rest) = splitAt 64 dta

    -- 64 byte lines

isEmbeddedSignature (EmbeddedSignaturePacket {}) = True
isEmbeddedSignature _                            = False

isCertificationSig (CertificationSignature {}) = True
isCertificationSig _                           = True

issuer (IssuerPacket issuer) = Just issuer
issuer _                     = Nothing
backsig (EmbeddedSignaturePacket s) = Just s
backsig _                           = Nothing

isSubkeySignature (SubkeySignature {}) = True
isSubkeySignature _                    = False

isPublicMaster k@(PublicKeyPacket {}) = not $ is_subkey k
isPublicMaster _ = False

now = floor <$> Data.Time.Clock.POSIX.getPOSIXTime

verifyBindings keys nonkeys = (top ++ filter isSubkeySignature embedded,othersigs)
 where
    verified = do
        sig <- signatures (Message nonkeys)
        let v = verify (Message keys) sig
        guard (not . null $ signatures_over v)
        return v
    (top,othersigs) = partition isSubkeySignature verified
    embedded = do
        sub <- top
        let sigover = signatures_over sub
            unhashed = sigover >>= unhashed_subpackets
            subsigs = mapMaybe backsig unhashed
            -- This should consist only of 0x19 values
            -- subtypes = map signature_type subsigs
        -- trace ("subtypes = "++show subtypes) (return ())
        -- trace ("issuers: "++show (map signature_issuer subsigs)) (return ())
        sig <- signatures (Message ([topkey sub,subkey sub]++subsigs))
        let v = verify (Message [subkey sub]) sig
        guard (not . null $ signatures_over v)
        return v

grip k = drop 32 $ fingerprint k

smallpr k = drop 24 $ fingerprint k


disjoint_fp ks = {- concatMap group2 $ -} transpose grouped
 where
    grouped    = groupBy samepr . sortBy (comparing smallpr) $ ks
    samepr a b = smallpr a == smallpr b

    {-
    -- useful for testing
    group2 :: [a] -> [[a]]
    group2 (x:y:ys) = [x,y]:group2 ys
    group2 [x]      = [[x]]
    group2 []       = []
    -}

verifyBindingsEx :: [Packet] -> ([SignatureOver], [SignatureOver]) -- ^ (binding signatures, other signatures)
verifyBindingsEx pkts = bicat . unzip $ do
        let (keys,_) = partition isKey pkts
        keys <- disjoint_fp keys
        return $ verifyBindings keys pkts
 where
    bicat (xs,ys) = (concat xs,concat ys)

getBindings ::
  [Packet]
  ->
    ( [([Packet],[SignatureOver])] -- ^ other signatures with key sets
                                   --   that were used for the verifications
    , [(Word8,
       (Packet, Packet), -- (topkey,subkey)
       [String],         -- usage flags
       [SignatureSubpacket], -- hashed data
       [Packet])] -- ^ binding signatures
    )
getBindings pkts = (sigs,bindings)
 where
    (sigs,concat->bindings) = unzip $ do
        let (keys,_) = partition isKey pkts
        keys <- disjoint_fp keys
        let (bs,sigs) = verifyBindings keys pkts
        return . ((keys,sigs),) $ do
            b <- bs -- trace ("sigs = "++show (map (map signature_issuer . signatures_over) sigs)) bs
            i <- map signature_issuer (signatures_over b)
            i <- maybeToList i
            who <- maybeToList $ find_key fingerprint (Message keys) i
            let (code,claimants) =
                    case () of
                        _ | who == topkey b -> (1,[])
                        _ | who == subkey b -> (2,[])
                        _                   -> (0,[who])
            let hashed = signatures_over b >>= hashed_subpackets
                kind = guard (code==1) >> hashed >>= maybeToList . usage
            return (code,(topkey b,subkey b), kind, hashed,claimants)

-- Returned data is simmilar to getBindings but the Word8 codes
-- are ORed together.
accBindings ::
  Bits t =>
  [(t, (Packet, Packet), [a], [a1], [a2])]
  -> [(t, (Packet, Packet), [a], [a1], [a2])]
accBindings bs = as
  where
    gs = groupBy samePair . sortBy (comparing bindingPair) $ bs
    as = map (foldl1 combine) gs
    bindingPair (_,p,_,_,_) = pub2 p
      where
        pub2 (a,b) = (pub a, pub b)
        pub a = fingerprint_material a
    samePair a b = bindingPair a == bindingPair b
    combine (ac,p,akind,ahashed,aclaimaints)
            (bc,_,bkind,bhashed,bclaimaints)
        = (ac .|. bc,p,akind++bkind,ahashed++bhashed,aclaimaints++bclaimaints)


fpmatch grip key =
    (==) Nothing
         (fmap (backend (fingerprint key)) grip >>= guard . not)
 where
    backend xs ys = and $ zipWith (==) (reverse xs) (reverse ys)

listKeys pkts = listKeysFiltered [] pkts

ecc_curve k = printf "%x" num :: String
 where unmpi (MPI num) = num
       num =  maybe 0 unmpi $ lookup 'c' (key k)

listKeysFiltered grips pkts = do
    let (certs,bs) = getBindings pkts
        as = accBindings bs
        defaultkind (k:_) hs = k
        defaultkind []    hs = maybe "subkey"
                                     id
                                     ( listToMaybe
                                     . mapMaybe (fmap usageString . keyflags)
                                     $ hs)
        kinds = map (\(_,_,k,h,_)->defaultkind k h) as
        kindwidth = maximum $ map length kinds
        kindcol = min 20 kindwidth
        code (c,(m,s),_,_,_) = (fingerprint_material m,-c)
        ownerkey (_,(a,_),_,_,_) = a
        sameMaster (ownerkey->a) (ownerkey->b) = fingerprint_material a==fingerprint_material b
        matchgrip _ | null grips = True
        matchgrip ((code,(top,sub), kind, hashed,claimants):_) | any (flip fpmatch top . Just) grips = True
        matchgrip _ = False
        gs = filter matchgrip $ groupBy sameMaster (sortBy (comparing code) as)
        showsigs claimants = map (\k -> "      " ++ "^ signed: " ++ fingerprint k) claimants
    subs@((_,(top,_),_,_,_):_) <- gs
    let subkeys = do
            (code,(top,sub), kind, hashed,claimants) <- subs
            let ar = case code of
                        0 -> " ??? "
                        1 -> " --> "
                        2 -> " <-- "
                        3 -> " <-> "
                formkind = take kindcol $ defaultkind kind hashed ++ repeat ' '
                -- torhash = maybe "" id $ derToBase32 <$> derRSA sub
                (netid,kind') = maybe (0x0,"bitcoin")
                                      (\n->(CryptoCoins.publicByteFromName n,n))
                                      $ listToMaybe kind
            unlines $
                concat  [ " "
                        -- , grip top
                        , ar
                        , formkind
                        , " "
                        , fingerprint sub
                        -- , " " ++ torhash
                        -- , " " ++ (concatMap (printf "%02X") $ S.unpack (ecc_curve sub))
                        ] -- ++ ppShow hashed
                    : if isCryptoCoinKey sub
                        -- then ("      " ++ "B⃦ " ++ bitcoinAddress sub) : showsigs claimants
                        -- then ("      " ++ "BTC " ++ bitcoinAddress sub) : showsigs claimants
                        then ("      " ++ "¢ "++kind'++":" ++ bitcoinAddress netid sub) : showsigs claimants
                        else showsigs claimants
        torkeys = do
            (code,(top,sub), kind, hashed,claimants) <- subs
            guard ("tor" `elem` kind)
            guard (code .&. 0x2 /= 0)
            maybeToList $ derToBase32 <$> derRSA sub
        uid = {- maybe "" id . listToMaybe $ -} do
            (keys,sigs) <- certs
            sig <- sigs
            guard (isCertificationSig sig)
            guard (topkey sig == top)
            let issuers = do
                    sig_over <- signatures_over sig
                    i <- maybeToList $ signature_issuer sig_over
                    maybeToList $ find_key (matchpr i) (Message keys) (reverse (take 16 (reverse i)))
                (primary,secondary) = partition (==top) issuers

            -- trace ("PRIMARY: "++show (map fingerprint primary)) $ return ()
            -- trace ("SECONDARY: "++show (map fingerprint secondary)) $ return ()
            guard (not (null primary))

            let UserIDPacket uid = user_id sig
                parsed = parseUID uid
                ar = maybe " --> " (const " <-> ") $ do
                        guard (uid_topdomain parsed == "onion" )
                        guard ( uid_realname parsed `elem` ["","Anonymous"])
                        guard (     uid_user parsed == "root" )
                        let subdom0 = L.fromChunks [encodeUtf8 (uid_subdomain parsed)]
                            len = L.length subdom0
                            subdom = Char8.unpack subdom0
                            match = ( (==subdom) . take (fromIntegral len))
                        guard (len >= 16)
                        listToMaybe $ filter match torkeys
            unlines $ [ " " ++ ar ++ "@" ++ " " ++ uid_full parsed ]
                    ++ showsigs secondary
        -- (_,sigs) = unzip certs
    "master-key " ++ fingerprint top ++ "\n" ++ uid ++"  ...\n" ++ subkeys ++ "\n"




modifyUID (UserIDPacket str) = UserIDPacket str'
 where
    (fstname,rst) = break (==' ') str
    str' = mod fstname ++ rst
    mod "Bob" = "Bob Fucking"
    mod x     = x
modifyUID other              = other

todo = error "unimplemented"

#if MIN_VERSION_base(4,6,0)
#else
lookupEnv var =
    handleIO_ (return Nothing) $ fmap Just (getEnv var)
#endif

unmaybe def = fmap (maybe def id)

expandPath path (c:cs) | c/='/'    = path ++ "/" ++ (c:cs)
                       | otherwise = c:cs
expandPath path []                 = []


-- type TimeStamp = Word32

-- | Attempts to lock each file in the list.
-- Returns a list of locks and a list of filenames
-- that could not be locked.
lockFiles :: [FilePath] -> IO ( [(DotLock,FilePath)], [FilePath] )
lockFiles fs = do
    ls <- forM fs $ \f -> do
            lk <- dotlock_create f 0
            v <- flip (maybe $ return Nothing) lk $ \lk -> do
                    e <- dotlock_take lk (-1)
                    return $ if e==0 then Just lk
                                     else Nothing
            return (v,f)
    let (lks, fails) = partition (isJust . fst) ls
    return (map (\(lk,f)->(fromJust lk,f)) lks, map snd fails)

unlockFiles lks = forM_ lks $ \(lk,f) -> do
    -- warn $ "unlocking "++show f
    dotlock_release lk

{-
options_from_file ::
        (forall a. [String] -> Term a -> IO (Either EvalExit a))
        -> Term b
        -> (String,String,Term (Maybe String))
        -> ([String],Term (Maybe String))
        -> IO [String]
options_from_file unwrapCmd term (homevar,appdir,home) (optfile_alts,options_file) = doit
 where
    homedir = envhomedir <$> home
    envhomedir opt = do
        gnupghome <- lookupEnv homevar >>=
                  \d -> return $ d >>= guard . (/="") >> d
        home <- flip fmap getHomeDirectory $
                  \d -> fmap (const d) $ guard (d/="")
        let homegnupg = (++('/':appdir)) <$> home
        let val = (opt `mplus` gnupghome `mplus` homegnupg)
        return $ val

    doit = do
        args <- getArgs
        {-
        let wants_help =
                not . null $ filter cryForHelp args
                        where cryForHelp "--help"    = True
                              cryForHelp "--version" = True
                              cryForHelp x =
                                and (zipWith (==) x "--help=")
        -}
        (o,h) <- do
            val <- unwrapCmd args (liftA2 (,) options_file homedir)
            case val of
                Left e -> return (Nothing,Nothing)
                Right (o,h)    -> (o,) <$> h
        ofile <- fmap listToMaybe . flip (maybe (return [])) h $ \h ->
                let optfiles = map (second ((h++"/")++))
                                   (maybe optfile_alts' (:[]) o')
                    optfile_alts' = zip (False:repeat True) optfile_alts
                    o' = fmap (False,) o
                in filterM (doesFileExist . snd) optfiles
        args <- flip (maybe $ return args) ofile $ \(forgive,fname) -> do
            let h' = fromJust h
            newargs <- (:) <$> pure ("homedir "++h') <*> parseOptionFile fname
            let toArgs = toHead ("--"++) . words
                toHead f (x:xs) = f x : xs
                toHead f []     = []
                voidTerm = fmap (const ())
                appendArgs as [] = return as
                appendArgs as (configline:cs) = do
                    let xs = toArgs configline
                    w <-unwrap (xs++as) (voidTerm term,defTI)
                    case w of
                        Left  _ -> appendArgs as cs
                        Right _ -> appendArgs (xs++as) cs
            -- TODO: check errors if forgive = False
            appendArgs args newargs
        return args

runWithOptionsFile :: (Term (IO b), TermInfo) -> IO b
runWithOptionsFile (term,ti) = do
    as <- options_from_file unwrapCmd
                            term
                            ("GNUPGHOME",".gnupg",opt_homedir)
                            (["keys.conf","gpg.conf-2","gpg.conf"]
                            ,opt_options)
    q <- eval as (term , ti)
    q
 where
    unwrapCmd args term = unwrap args (term,defTI)

runChoiceWithOptionsFile ::
  (Term (IO b), TermInfo) -> [(Term (IO b), TermInfo)] -> IO b
runChoiceWithOptionsFile (realterm,ti) choices = do
    as <- options_from_file unwrapCmd
                            realterm
                            ("GNUPGHOME",".gnupg",opt_homedir)
                            (["keys.conf","gpg.conf-2","gpg.conf"]
                            ,opt_options)
    -- putStrLn $ "as = " ++ show as
    q <- evalChoice as (realterm , ti) choices
    q
 where
    unwrapCmd args t =
        unwrapChoice args (realterm <:> t,ti) (map (neuter t) choices)
    neuter term (t,ti) = (t <:> term, ti)

data Command =
    List
    | Autosign
 deriving (Eq,Show,Read,Enum)

capitolizeFirstLetter (x:xs) = toUpper x : xs
capitolizeFirstLetter xs     = xs

instance ArgVal Command where
    converter =
      ( maybe (Left $ text "unknown command") Right
        . fmap fst . listToMaybe . reads
        . capitolizeFirstLetter . map toLower
      , text . map toLower . show
      )
class AutoMaybe a
instance AutoMaybe Command
instance (ArgVal a, AutoMaybe a) => ArgVal (Maybe a) where
    converter =
      ( toRight Just . fst converter
      , maybe (text "(unspecified)") id . fmap (snd converter)
      )

toRight f (Right x) = Right (f x)
toRight f (Left y)  = Left  y

cmd :: Term Command
cmd = required . pos 0 Nothing $ posInfo
  { posName = "command"
  , posDoc  = "What action to perform."
  }

a <:> b = flip const <$> a <*> b
infixr 2 <:>

selectAction cmd actions = actions !! fromEnum cmd

cmdInfo :: ArgVal cmd =>
    cmd -> String -> Term a -> (cmd, (Term a, TermInfo))
cmdInfo cmd doc action =
    ( cmd
    , ( action
      , defTI { termName = print cmd
              , termDoc  = doc } ) )
  where
    print = show . snd converter

cmdlist :: (Command, (Term (IO ()), TermInfo))
cmdlist = cmdInfo List "list key pairs for which secrets are known" $
    (>>= putStrLn . listKeys . unMessage) <$> secret_packets
 where unMessage (Message pkts) = pkts

cmdautosign = cmdInfo Autosign "auto-sign tor-style uids" $
    pure (putStrLn "autosign")


multiCommand ::
  TermInfo
  -> [(Command, (Term a, TermInfo))]
  -> ( (Term a, TermInfo)
     , [(Term a, TermInfo)] )
multiCommand ti choices =
    ( ( selectAction <$> cmd <*> sequenceA (map strip choices)
      , ti )
    , map snd choices )
 where
    selectAction cmd choices =
        fromJust $ lookup (cmd::Command) choices
    strip (cmd,(action,_)) = fmap (cmd,) action
-}


trimCR bs = fst $ S.spanEnd (\x -> x==10 || x==13) bs

guessKeyFormat 'P' "ssh-client" = "SSH"
guessKeyFormat 'S' "ssh-client" = "PEM"
guessKeyFormat 'S' "ssh-host"   = "PEM"
guessKeyFormat _   _            = "PEM" -- "PGP"

writeKeyToFile False "PEM" fname packet =
    case key_algorithm packet of
    RSA -> do
        flip (maybe (return ()))
             (rsaPrivateKeyFromPacket packet) -- RSAPrivateKey
            $ \rsa -> do
        let asn1 = toASN1 rsa []
            bs = encodeASN1 DER asn1
            dta = Base64.encode (L.unpack bs)
            output = writePEM "RSA PRIVATE KEY" dta
            stamp = toEnum . fromEnum $ timestamp packet
        createDirectoryIfMissing True (takeDirectory fname)
        handleIO_ (warn $ fname ++ ": write failure") $ do
            saved_mask <- setFileCreationMask 0o077
            writeFile fname output
            -- Note: The key's timestamp is included in it's fingerprint.
            --       Therefore, we should attempt to preserve it.
            setFileTimes fname stamp stamp
            setFileCreationMask saved_mask
            return ()
        warn $ fname ++ ": exported"
        return ()
    algo -> warn $ fname ++ ": unable to export "++show algo++" key "++fingerprint packet

readPublicKey :: Char8.ByteString -> RSAPublicKey
readPublicKey bs = maybe er id $ do
    let (pre,bs1) = Char8.splitAt 7 bs
    guard $ pre == "ssh-rsa"
    let (sp,bs2) = Char8.span isSpace bs1
    guard $ not (Char8.null sp)
    bs3 <- listToMaybe $ Char8.words bs2
    qq <- L.pack `fmap` Base64.decode (Char8.unpack bs3)
    decode_sshrsa qq
 where
    er = error "Unsupported key format"

{-
getPassphrase cmd =
         case passphrase_fd cmd of
                Just fd -> do pwh <- fdToHandle (toEnum fd)
                              fmap trimCR $ S.hGetContents pwh
                Nothing -> return ""
-}


#define HOMEOPTION (def &= explicit &= name "homedir" &= typDir )

is40digitHex xs = ys == xs && length ys==40
  where
    ys = filter ishex xs
    ishex c | '0' <= c && c <= '9' = True
            | 'A' <= c && c <= 'F' = True
            | 'a' <= c && c <= 'f' = True
    ishex c = False

flattenKeys :: Bool -> KeyDB -> Message
flattenKeys isPublic db = Message $ concatMap (map packet . flattenTop "" isPublic . snd) (prefilter . Map.assocs $ db)
 where
    prefilter = if isPublic then id else filter isSecret
                 where
                  isSecret (_,(KeyData
                                  (MappedPacket { packet=(SecretKeyPacket {})})
                                  _
                                  _
                                  _)) = True
                  isSecret _          = False


writeOutKeyrings :: Map.Map FilePath t -> KeyDB -> IO ()
writeOutKeyrings lkmap db = do
    let ks = Map.elems db
        fs = Map.keys (foldr unionfiles Map.empty ks)
                where unionfiles (KeyData p _ _ _) m =
                        Map.union m (locations p)
        fromfile f (KeyData p _ _ _) = Map.member f $ locations p
    let s = do
        f <- fs
        let x = do
                d@(KeyData p _ _ _) <- filter (fromfile f) (sortByHint f keyMappedPacket ks)
                n <- maybeToList $ Map.lookup f (locations p)
                flattenTop f (originallyPublic n) d
            changes = filter isnew x
                where isnew p = isNothing (Map.lookup f $ locations p)
        {-
        trace (unlines $ ( (f ++ ":") : map (showPacket . packet) x) ++
                  ( "CHANGES: " : map (("  "++) . showPacket . packet) changes)) $ do
        -}
        return (f,(changes,x))
    towrites <- fmap catMaybes $ Control.Monad.forM s $ \(f,(changes,x)) -> do
        let noop    = return Nothing
            write f = return (Just f)
        case changes of
            [] -> noop -- warn (f ++": nothing to do.") >> noop
            cs -> case Map.lookup f lkmap of
                    Just lk -> do
                         forM_ cs $ \c -> warn $ f++": new "++showPacket (packet c)
                         write (f,lk,x)
                    Nothing -> do
                         forM_ cs $ \c -> warn $ f++": missing "++showPacket (packet c)
                         noop
    forM_ towrites $ \(f,lk,x) -> do
        let m = Message $ map packet x
        -- warn $ "writing "++f
        L.writeFile f (encode m)

setHome spec kd = kd { homeSpec = spec
                     , kaction = const $ runKeyRing kd
                     }


cross_merge doDecrypt keyrings wallets kd f = do

        let it = kd { filesToLock = HomeSec:HomePub:map ArgFile keyrings
                    , keyringFiles = keyrings
                    , walletFiles = wallets
                    , kaction = go doDecrypt f
                    }
        runKeyRing it
 where
    go doDecrypt f rt = do
        let readp n = fmap (n,) (readPacketsFromFile n)
            readw wk n = fmap (n,) (readPacketsFromWallet wk n)

        let pass = do
                ms <- mapM readp (rtRings rt)
                let grip = rtGrip rt `mplus` (fingerprint <$> fstkey)
                      where
                        fstkey = listToMaybe $ mapMaybe isSecringKey ms 
                                  where isSecringKey (fn,Message ps)
                                            | fn== rtSecring rt = listToMaybe ps
                                        isSecringKey _  = Nothing
                    wk = listToMaybe $ do
                            fp <- maybeToList grip
                            elm <- Map.toList db0
                            guard $ matchSpec (KeyGrip fp) elm
                            return $ keyPacket (snd elm)
                    db0 = foldl' (uncurry . merge) Map.empty ms
                wms <- mapM (readw wk) (rtWallets rt)
                let ts = do
                        maybeToList wk
                        (fname,xs) <- wms
                        (_,sub,(_,m)) <- xs
                        (tag,top) <- Map.toList m
                        return (top,fname,sub,tag)

                    importWalletKey db' (top,fname,sub,tag) = do
                        doImportG doDecrypt 
                                  db'
                                  (fmap keykey $ maybeToList wk)
                                  tag
                                  fname
                                  sub
                db <- foldM importWalletKey db0 ts
                let cs = do
                        wk <- maybeToList wk
                        let kk = keykey wk
                        KeyData top topsigs uids subs <- maybeToList $ Map.lookup kk db
                        (subkk,SubKey mp sigs) <- Map.toList subs
                        let sub = packet mp
                        guard $ isCryptoCoinKey sub
                        tag <- take 1 $ mapMaybe getCryptoCoinTag (map (packet . fst) sigs)
                        return (tag,mp)

                -- export wallet keys
                forM_ (rtWallets rt) $ \n -> do
                    let cs' = do
                        (nw,mp) <- cs
                        -- let fns = Map.keys (locations mp)
                        -- trace ("COIN KEY: "++show fns) $ return ()
                        guard . not $ Map.member n (locations mp)
                        let wip = walletImportFormat (CryptoCoins.private_byte_id nw) (packet mp)
                        return (CryptoCoins.network_name nw,wip)
                    handleIO_ (return ()) $ do
                    withFile n AppendMode $ \fh -> do
                    forM_ cs' $ \(net,wip) -> do
                        warn $ n++": new WalletKey "++net
                        hPutStrLn fh wip

                db' <- f (rtSecring rt,grip) db (rtPubring rt)
                return (rtRings rt,db')
        (fsns,db) <- pass

        let lkmap = Map.fromList $ map (,()) fsns
        writeOutKeyrings lkmap db


toLast f []  = []
toLast f [x] = [f x]
toLast f (x:xs) = x : toLast f xs

partitionStaticArguments specs args = psa args
 where
    smap = Map.fromList specs
    psa [] = ([],[])
    psa (a:as) = 
      case Map.lookup a smap of
        Nothing -> second (a:) $ psa as
        Just n  -> first ((a:take n as):) $ psa (drop n as)

show_wk secring_file grip db = do
    let sec_db = Map.filter gripmatch db
        gripmatch (KeyData p _ _ _) = 
            Map.member secring_file (locations p)
        Message sec = flattenKeys False sec_db
    putStrLn $ listKeysFiltered (maybeToList grip) sec

show_all db = do
    let Message packets = flattenKeys True db
    putStrLn $ listKeys packets

show_whose_key input_key db = do
    flip (maybe $ return ()) input_key $ \input_key -> do
    let ks = whoseKey input_key db
    case ks of
        [KeyData k _ uids _] -> do
            putStrLn $ fingerprint (packet k)
            mapM_ putStrLn $ Map.keys uids
        (_:_) -> error "ambiguous"
        [] -> return ()

show_pem keyspec wkgrip db = do
    let s = parseSpec wkgrip keyspec
    flip (maybe $ warn (keyspec ++ ": not found") >> return ())
         (selectPublicKey s db)
         $ \k -> do
    let rsa = pkcs8 . fromJust $ rsaKeyFromPacket k
        der = encodeASN1 DER (toASN1 rsa [])
        qq  = Base64.encode (L.unpack der)
    putStrLn $
        writePEM "PUBLIC KEY" qq -- ("TODO "++show keyspec)

show_ssh keyspec wkgrip db = do
    let s = parseSpec wkgrip keyspec
    flip (maybe $ warn (keyspec ++ ": not found") >> return ())
         (selectPublicKey s db)
         $ \k -> do
    let Just (RSAKey (MPI n) (MPI e)) = rsaKeyFromPacket k
        bs = sshrsa e n
        blob = Base64.encode (L.unpack bs)
    putStrLn $ "ssh-rsa " ++ blob

show_key keyspec wkgrip db = do
    let s = parseSpec "" keyspec
    let ps = do 
            (_,k) <- filterMatches (fst s) (Map.toList db)
            mp <- flattenTop "" True k
            return $ packet mp
    -- putStrLn $ "show key " ++ show s
    putStrLn $ listKeys ps

show_wip keyspec wkgrip db = do
    let s = parseSpec wkgrip keyspec
    flip (maybe $ warn (keyspec ++ ": not found") >> return ())
         (selectSecretKey s db)
         $ \k -> do
    let nwb = maybe 0x80 CryptoCoins.secretByteFromName $ snd s
    putStrLn $ walletImportFormat nwb k

parseSpec :: String -> String -> (KeySpec,Maybe String)
parseSpec grip spec = (topspec,subspec)
 where
     (topspec0,subspec0) = unprefix '/' spec
     (toptyp,top) = unprefix ':' topspec0
     (subtyp,sub) = unprefix ':' subspec0
     topspec = case () of
                    _ | null top && or [ subtyp=="fp"
                                       , null subtyp && is40digitHex sub
                                       ]
                                 -> KeyGrip sub
                    _ | null top && null grip -> KeyUidMatch sub
                    _ | null top -> KeyGrip grip
                    _ | toptyp=="fp" || (null toptyp && is40digitHex top)
                                 -> {- trace "using top" $ -} KeyGrip top
                    _ | toptyp=="u" -> KeyUidMatch top
                    _ | otherwise -> KeyUidMatch top
     subspec = case subtyp of
                "t" -> Just sub
                "fp" | top=="" -> Nothing
                "" | top=="" && is40digitHex sub -> Nothing
                "" -> listToMaybe sub >> Just sub

-- | systemEnv
-- This is like System.Process.system except that it lets you set
-- some environment variables.
systemEnv _    ""  = 
    ioException (ioeSetErrorString (mkIOError InvalidArgument "system" Nothing Nothing) "null command")
systemEnv vars cmd = do
    env0 <- getEnvironment
    let env1 = filter (isNothing . flip lookup vars . fst) env0
        env = vars ++ env1
    syncProcess "system" $ (shell cmd) {env=Just env}
 where
    -- This is a non-exported function from System.Process
    syncProcess fun c = do
      -- The POSIX version of system needs to do some manipulation of signal
      -- handlers.  Since we're going to be synchronously waiting for the child,
      -- we want to ignore ^C in the parent, but handle it the default way
      -- in the child (using SIG_DFL isn't really correct, it should be the
      -- original signal handler, but the GHC RTS will have already set up
      -- its own handler and we don't want to use that).
      old_int  <- installHandler sigINT  Ignore Nothing
      old_quit <- installHandler sigQUIT Ignore Nothing
      (_,_,_,p) <- runGenProcess_ fun c
            (Just defaultSignal) (Just defaultSignal)
      r <- waitForProcess p
      _ <- installHandler sigINT  old_int Nothing
      _ <- installHandler sigQUIT old_quit Nothing
      return r

doExport doDecrypt (db,use_db) (fname,subspec,ms,cmd) =
        case ms of
            [_]   -> export
            (_:_) -> ambiguous
            []    -> shcmd
 where
    ambiguous = error "Key specification is ambiguous."
    shcmd = do
        let noop warning = do
            warn warning
            return (db,use_db)
        if null cmd then noop (fname ++ ": missing.") else do
        let vars = [ ("file",fname)
                   , ("usage",maybe "" id subspec) ]
        e <- systemEnv vars cmd
        case e of
            ExitFailure num -> noop $ fname ++ ": failed external (code="++show num++")"
            ExitSuccess     -> do
                warn $ fname ++ ": generated"
                db' <- doImport doDecrypt db (fname,subspec,ms,cmd) 
                return (db', use_db)
    export = do
        let [kk] = ms
            Just (KeyData key _ _ subkeys) = Map.lookup kk use_db
            p = flip (maybe (Just $ packet key)) subspec $ \tag -> do
                  let subs = Map.elems subkeys
                      doSearch (SubKey sub_mp sigtrusts) =
                        let (_,v,_) = findTag tag
                                          (packet key)
                                          (packet sub_mp) 
                                          sigtrusts
                        in fmap fst v==Just True
                  case filter doSearch subs of
                    [SubKey mp _] -> Just $ packet mp
                    [] -> Nothing
                    _  -> ambiguous
        flip (maybe shcmd) p $ \p -> do
        pun <- doDecrypt p
        flip (maybe $ error "Bad passphrase?") pun $ \pun -> do
        writeKeyToFile False "PEM" fname pun
        return (db,use_db)

{-
applyCurve curve x = x*x*x + x*a + b where (a,b)=(geta curve,getb curve)

secp256k1_oid = [1,3,132,0,10]
secp256k1_curve = ECi l a b p r
 where
    -- y² = x³ + 7 (mod p)
    p = 0x0FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEFFFFFC2F 
    a = 0
    b = 7
    -- group order  (also order of base point G)
    r = n
    n = 0x0FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 
    -- cofactor
    h = 1 
    -- bit length
    l = 256

secp256k1_G = ECPa secp256k1_curve 
                0x79BE667EF9DCBBAC55A06295CE870B07029BFCDB2DCE28D959F2815B16F81798
                0x483ADA7726A3C4655DA4FBFC0E1108A8FD17B448A68554199C47D08FFB10D4B8 
    {-
    The base point G in compressed form is:

        G = 02 79BE667E F9DCBBAC 55A06295 CE870B07 029BFCDB 2DCE28D9 59F2815B 16F81798 

    and in uncompressed form is:

        G = 04 79BE667E F9DCBBAC 55A06295 CE870B07 029BFCDB 2DCE28D9 59F2815B 16F81798
               483ADA77 26A3C465 5DA4FBFC 0E1108A8 FD17B448 A6855419 9C47D08F FB10D4B8 
    -}
-}


cannonical_eckey x y = 0x4:pad32(numToBytes x) ++ pad32(numToBytes y) :: [Word8]
 where
  numToBytes n = reverse $ unfoldr getbyte n
    where
        getbyte d = do
            guard (d/=0)
            let (q,b) = d `divMod` 256
            return (fromIntegral b,q)
  pad32 xs = replicate zlen 0 ++ xs
    where
        zlen = 32 - length xs
    
oidToDER ns = S.pack $ b1 : concatMap encode ys
 where
    (xs,ys) = splitAt 2 ns
    b1 = fromIntegral $ foldl' (\a b->a*40+b) 0 xs
    encode x | x <= 127  = [fromIntegral x]
             | otherwise = (\(x:xs)-> reverse (x:map (0x80 .|.) xs)) 
                            (base128r x)
    base128r n = unfoldr getbyte n
     where
        getbyte d = do
            guard (d/=0)
            let (q,b) = d `divMod` 128
            return (fromIntegral b,q)

nistp256=[1,2,840,10045,3,1,7]
nistp256_der=[0x2A,0x86,0x48,0xCE,0x3D,0x03,0x01,0x07]
-- "\x2a\x86\x48\xce\x3d\x03\x01\x07"
{-     OID                  Curve description              Curve name
    ----------------------------------------------------------------   
    1.2.840.10045.3.1.7  NIST Curve P-256 [FIPS 186-2]  "NIST P-256"
    1.3.132.0.34         NIST Curve P-384 [FIPS 186-2]  "NIST P-384"  
    1.3.132.0.35         NIST Curve P-521 [FIPS 186-2]  "NIST P-521"  

    Implementations MUST implement "NIST P-256", "NIST P-384" and "NIST
    P-521".  The hexadecimal representation used in the public and
    private key encodings are:

    Curve Name   Len  Hexadecimal representation of the OID
    ----------------------------------------------------------------   
    "NIST P-256"  8   0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0xCE, 0x3D, 0x03, 0x01, 0x07 
    "NIST P-384"  6   0x05, 0x2B, 0x81, 0x04, 0x00, 0x22            
    "NIST P-521"  6   0x05, 0x2B, 0x81, 0x04, 0x00, 0x23          
-}

bitcoinAddress network_id k = address
    where
            Just (MPI x) = lookup 'x' (key k)
            Just (MPI y) = lookup 'y' (key k)
            pub = cannonical_eckey x y
            hash = S.cons network_id . RIPEMD160.hash . SHA256.hash . S.pack $  pub
            address = base58_encode hash

-- gpg supported ECDSA curve: 2A8648CE3D030107
-- 2A 86 48 CE 3D 03 01 07 
-- 1,2,134,72,206,61,3,1,7
--  6*128+0x48 840
--  0x4e*128+0x3d 10045
-- 1.2.840.10045.3.1.7  --> NIST P-256
--

doBTCImport doDecrypt db (ms,subspec,content) = do
    let fetchkey = do
            timestamp <- now
            let mbk = fmap discardNetworkID $ decode_btc_key timestamp content
                discardNetworkID = snd
            return $ maybe (Message []) id mbk
    let error s = do
                        warn s
                        exitFailure
    flip (maybe $ error "Cannot import master key.")
         subspec $ \tag -> do
    Message parsedkey <- fetchkey
    flip (maybe $ return db)
         (listToMaybe parsedkey) $ \key -> do
    let (m0,tailms) = splitAt 1 ms
    when (not (null tailms) || null m0)
        $ error "Key specification is ambiguous."
    doImportG doDecrypt db m0 tag "" key

-- We return into IO in case we want to make a signature here.
setHostnames :: (SockAddr -> Bool) -> Hosts.Hosts -> KeyData -> IO KeyData
setHostnames pred hosts kd@(KeyData topmp topsigs uids subs) =
    -- TODO: we are removing the origin from the UID OriginMap,
    --       when we should be removing origins from the locations
    --       field of the sig's MappedPacket records.
    -- Call getHostnames and compare to see if no-op.
    if not (pred addr) || names0 == names \\ onions 
        then {- trace (unlines [ "setHostnames NO-OP: gpg: "++show (map Char8.unpack onions, map Char8.unpack names0)
                             , "                   file: "++show (map Char8.unpack names)
                             , "                   pred: "++show (pred addr)]) -}
                    (return kd)
        else do
    -- We should be sure to remove origins so that the data is written
    --   (but only if something changed).
    -- Filter all hostnames present in uids
    -- Write notations into first uid
    {-
    trace (unlines [ "setHostnames ACTION: gpg: "++show (map Char8.unpack onions, map Char8.unpack names0)
                   , "                    file: "++show (map Char8.unpack names) ]) $ do
    -}
    return $ KeyData topmp topsigs uids1 subs
 where
    topk = packet topmp
    addr = fingerdress topk
    names :: [Char8.ByteString]
    names = Hosts.namesForAddress addr hosts
    (_,(onions,names0)) = getHostnames kd
    notations = map (NotationDataPacket True "hostname@" . Char8.unpack) (names \\ onions)
    isName (NotationDataPacket True "hostname@" _) = True
    isName _ = False
    uids0 = fmap zapIfHasName uids
    fstuid = head $ do
        p <- map packet $ flattenAllUids "" True uids
        guard $ isUserID p
        return $ uidkey p
    uids1 = Map.adjust addnames fstuid uids0
    addnames (sigs,om) = (fmap f ss ++ ts, om ) -- XXX: removed om=Map.empty, preserve UserId origin
     where
        (ss,ts) = splitAt 1 sigs
        f (sig,tm) = if isSignaturePacket (packet sig) then (sig { packet = p', locations=Map.empty }, tm)
                                                       else (sig, tm)
         where p' = (packet sig) { unhashed_subpackets=uh }
               uh = unhashed_subpackets (packet sig) ++ notations
    zapIfHasName (sigs,om) = if or bs then (sigs',om)  -- XXX: removed om=Map.empty to preserve UserID origin
                                      else (sigs,om)
     where
        (bs, sigs') = unzip $ map unhash sigs

        unhash (sig,tm) = ( not (null ns)
                          , ( sig { packet = p', locations = Map.empty }
                            , tm ) )
         where
            psig = packet sig
            p' = if isSignaturePacket psig then psig { unhashed_subpackets = ps }
                                           else psig
            uh = unhashed_subpackets $ psig
            (ns,ps) = partition isName uh

socketFamily (SockAddrInet _ _)      = AF_INET
socketFamily (SockAddrInet6 _ _ _ _) = AF_INET6
socketFamily (SockAddrUnix _)        = AF_UNIX


hasFingerDress :: KeyDB -> SockAddr -> Bool
hasFingerDress db addr | socketFamily addr/=AF_INET6 = False
hasFingerDress db addr = pre=="fd" && isJust (selectPublicKey (KeyGrip g',Nothing) db)
 where
    (pre,g) = splitAt 2 $ filter (/=':') $ Hosts.inet_ntop addr
    g' = map toUpper g

fingerdress :: Packet -> SockAddr
fingerdress topk = maybe zero id $ Hosts.inet_pton addr_str
 where
    zero = SockAddrInet 0 0
    addr_str = colons $  "fd" ++ (drop 10 $ map toLower $ fingerprint topk)
    colons (a:b:c:d:xs@(_:_)) = [a,b,c,d,':'] ++ colons xs
    colons xs                 = xs


{-
onionName :: KeyData -> (SockAddr,L.ByteString)
onionName kd = (addr,name)
 where
    (addr,(name:_,_)) = getHostnames kd
-}

getHostnames :: KeyData -> (SockAddr, ([L.ByteString],[L.ByteString]))
getHostnames (KeyData topmp _ uids subs) = (addr,(onames,othernames))
 where
    othernames = do
        mp <- flattenAllUids "" True uids
        let p = packet mp
        guard $ isSignaturePacket p
        uh <- unhashed_subpackets p
        case uh of
            NotationDataPacket True "hostname@" v
              -> return $ Char8.pack v
            _ -> mzero

    addr = fingerdress topk
    -- name = maybe "" id $ listToMaybe onames -- TODO: more than one tor key?
    topk = packet topmp
    torkeys = do
        SubKey k sigs <- Map.elems subs
        let subk = packet k
        let sigs' = do
                torsig <- filter (has_tag "tor") $ map (packet . fst) sigs
                sig <- (signatures $ Message [topk,subk,torsig])
                let v = verify (Message [topk]) sig
                -- Require parent's signature
                guard (not . null $ signatures_over v)
                let unhashed = unhashed_subpackets torsig
                    subsigs = mapMaybe backsig unhashed
                    -- This should consist only of 0x19 values
                    -- subtypes = map signature_type subsigs
                sig' <- signatures . Message $ [topk,subk]++subsigs
                let v' = verify (Message [subk]) sig'
                -- Require subkey's signature
                guard . not . null $ signatures_over v'
                return torsig
        guard (not $ null sigs')
        return $ subk
    has_tag tag p = isSignaturePacket p
                    && or [ tag `elem` mapMaybe usage (hashed_subpackets p)
                          , tag `elem` map usageString (mapMaybe keyflags (hashed_subpackets p)) ]
    -- subkeyPacket (SubKey k _ ) = k
    onames :: [L.ByteString]
    onames = map ( (<> ".onion")
                 . Char8.pack
                 . take 16
                 . torhash )
                 torkeys

whoseKey :: RSAPublicKey -> KeyDB -> [KeyData]
whoseKey rsakey db = filter matchkey (Map.elems db)
 where
    matchkey (KeyData k _ _ subs) =
        not . null .  filter (ismatch k) $ Map.elems subs

    ismatch k (SubKey mp sigs) = 
          Just rsakey == rsaKeyFromPacket (packet mp)
       && any (check (packet k) (packet mp)) sigs

    check k sub (sig,_) = not . null $ do
        s <- signatures . Message $ [k,sub,packet sig]
        fw <- signatures_over $ verify (Message [k]) s
        subsig <- mapMaybe backsig (unhashed_subpackets sub)
        subsig_so <- signatures (Message [k,sub,subsig])
        guard (  isSubkeySignature subsig_so
              && isSameKey (topkey subsig_so) k
              && isSameKey (subkey subsig_so) sub )
        s2 <- signatures . Message $ [k,sub,subsig]
        signatures_over $ verify (Message [sub]) s2

workingKey grip use_db = listToMaybe $ do
                            fp <- maybeToList grip
                            elm <- Map.toList use_db
                            guard $ matchSpec (KeyGrip fp) elm
                            return $ keyPacket (snd elm)

has_good_sig wk (KeyData k sigs uids subs) = any goodsig $ Map.toList uids
 where
    goodsig (uidstr,(sigs,_)) = not . null $ do
        sig0 <- fmap (packet . fst) sigs
        pre_ov <- signatures (Message [packet k, UserIDPacket uidstr, sig0])
        signatures_over $ verify (Message [wk]) pre_ov

markForImport
  :: Ord d =>
     Map.Map String a
     -> Maybe String
     -> [Char]
     -> Map.Map d KeyData
     -> IO (Map.Map d KeyData)
markForImport margs grip pubring db = maybe (return db) import_db $ wantToImport
 where wantToImport = mplus import_f importifauth_f
             where
                import_f = do Map.lookup "--import" margs 
                              return dont_have
                importifauth_f = do Map.lookup "--import-if-authentic" margs
                                    return isauth
                dont_have (KeyData p _ _ _) = not . Map.member pubring
                                                   $ locations p
                isauth keydata = dont_have keydata && maybe False (`has_good_sig` keydata) wk
                                  where wk = workingKey grip db
       import_db dont_have = do
                  forM_ to_alters $ \(_,KeyData c _ _ _) ->
                    warn $ pubring ++ ": new "++showPacket (packet c)
                  let db' = Map.union (Map.fromList altered)
                                      db
                  return db'
              where
                to_alters = filter (dont_have . snd) $ Map.toList db
                altered = map (second append_loc) to_alters
                append_loc (KeyData p a b c) = KeyData p' a b c
                 where p' = p { locations = Map.insert pubring
                                                       (origin (secretToPublic (packet p)) (-1))
                                                       (locations p) 
                              }

kiki_usage = do
    putStr . unlines $
        ["kiki - a pgp key editing utility"
        ,""
        ,"kiki [OPTIONS]"
        ,""
        ,"     kiki merges a set of keyring files into a combined database and then"
        ,"     uses the database to update the files so that they have the most complete"
        ,"     information."
        ,""
        ,"     The files pubring.gpg and subring.gpg in the directory specified by the "
        ,"     --homedir option are implicitly included in the keyring set."
        ,""
        ,"     kiki can also import or export secret subkeys by using the --keypairs option."
        ,""
        ,"     Subkeys that are imported with kiki are given an annotation \"usage@\" which"
        ,"     indicates what the key is for.  This tag can be used as a SPEC to select a"
        ,"     particular key.  Master keys may be specified by using fingerprints or by"
        ,"     specifying a substring of an associated UID."
        ,""
        ,"Flags:"
        ,"     --homedir DIR"
        ,"                Where to find the the files secring.gpg and pubring.gpg. The "
        ,"                default location is taken from the environment variable "
        ,"                GNUPGHOME."
        ,""
        ,"     --passphrase-fd N"
        ,"                Read passphrase from the given file descriptor."
        ,""
        ,"     --import   Add master keys to pubring.gpg.  Without this option, only UID"
        ,"                and subkey data is updated. "
        ,""
        ,"     --import-if-authentic"
        ,"                Add signed master keys to pubring.gpg.  Like --import except that"
        ,"                only keys with signatures from the working key (--show-wk) are"
        ,"                imported."
        ,""
        ,"     --autosign Sign all cross-certified tor-style UIDs."
        ,"                A tor-style UID is of the form:"
        ,"                        Anonymous <root@HOSTNAME.onion>"
        ,"                It is considered cross certified if there exists a cross-certified"
        ,"                'tor' subkey corresponding to the address HOSTNAME.onion."
        ,""
        ,"Merging:"
        ,"     --keyrings FILE FILE..."
        ,"                Provide keyring files other than the implicit secring.gpg and"
        ,"                pubring.gpg in the --homedir.  This option is implicit unless"
        ,"                --keypairs or --wallets is used."
        ,""
        ,"     --wallets  FILE FILE..."
        ,"                Provide wallet files with secret crypto-coin keys in Wallet"
        ,"                Import Format.  The keys will be treated as subkeys of your"
        ,"                current working key (the one shown by --show-wk)."
        ,""
        ,"     --keypairs KEYSPEC KEYSPEC..."
        ,"                Each KEYSPEC specifies that a key should match the content and"
        ,"                timestamp of an external PKCS #1 private RSA key file."
        ,"                "
        ,"                KEYSPEC ::= SPEC=FILE{CMD} "
        ,""
        ,"                If neither SPEC or FILE match any keys, then the CMD will be "
        ,"                executed in order to create the FILE."
        ,""
        ,"Output:"
        ,"     --show-wk  Show fingerprints for the working key (which will be used to"
        ,"                make signatures) and all its subkeys and UID."
        ,""
        ,"     --show-key SPEC"
        ,"                Show fingerprints for the specified key and all its subkeys"
        ,"                and UID."
        ,""
        ,"     --show-all Show fingerprints and UIDs and usage tags for all known keys."
        ,""
        ,"     --show-whose-key"
        ,"                Shows the fingerprint and UIDs of the key that owns the one that"
        ,"                is input on stdin in ssh-rsa format."
        ,""
        ,"     --show-pem SPEC"
        ,"                Outputs the PKCS #8 public key corresponding to SPEC."
        ,""
        ,"     --show-ssh SPEC"
        ,"                Outputs the ssh-rsa blob for the specified public key."
        ,""
        ,"     --show-wip SPEC"
        ,"                Outputs the secret crypto-coin key in Wallet Input Format."
        ,""
        ,"     --help     Shows this help screen."
        ]

main = do
    dotlock_init
    {-
    args <- cmdArgs $ modes
        [ Cross_Merge HOMEOPTION
              (def &= opt ("passphrase"::String)
                &= typ "FD"
                &= (help . concat)  ["file descriptor from "
                                    ,"which to read passphrase"])
              (def &= args &= typFile)
            &= help "Merge multiple secret keyrings to stdout."
        ]
        &= program "kiki"
        &= summary "kiki - a pgp key editing utility"
    doCmd args
    -}
    args_raw <- getArgs
    let (args,trail1) = break (=="--") args_raw
        trail = drop 1 trail1
        (sargs,margs) = 
                (sargs, foldl' (\m (k:xs)->Map.alter (appendArgs k xs) k m)
                               Map.empty
                               gargs)
                    where (sargs,vargs) = partitionStaticArguments sargspec args
                          sargspec = [ ("--homedir",1)
                                     , ("--passphrase-fd",1)
                                     , ("--import",0)
                                     , ("--autosign",0)
                                     , ("--import-if-authentic",0)
                                     , ("--show-wk",0)
                                     , ("--show-all",0)
                                     , ("--show-whose-key",0)
                                     , ("--show-key",1)
                                     , ("--show-pem",1)
                                     , ("--show-ssh",1)
                                     , ("--show-wip",1)
                                     , ("--help",0)
                                     ]
                          argspec = map fst sargspec ++ ["--keyrings"
                                                        ,"--keypairs"
                                                        ,"--wallets"
                                                        ,"--hosts"] 
                                        -- "--bitcoin-keypairs"
                                        -- Disabled.  We shouldn't accept private key
                                        -- data on the command line.
                          args' = if map (take 1) (take 1 vargs) == ["-"]
                                    then vargs
                                    else "--keyrings":vargs
                          gargs = (sargs ++)
                                  . toLast (++trail) 
                                  . groupBy (\_ s-> take 1 s /= "-")
                                  $ args'
                          appendArgs k xs opt = 
                            if k `elem` argspec
                              then Just . maybe xs (++xs) $ opt
                              else error . unlines $ [ "unrecognized option "++k
                                                     , "Use --help for usage." ]
    -- putStrLn $ "margs = " ++ show (Map.assocs margs)
    unkeysRef <- newIORef Map.empty
    pwRef <- newIORef Nothing
    let keypairs0 =
            flip map (maybe [] id $ Map.lookup "--keypairs" margs) $ \specfile -> do
                let (spec,efilecmd) = break (=='=') specfile
                guard $ take 1 efilecmd=="="
                let filecmd = drop 1 efilecmd
                let (file,bcmdb0) = break (=='{') filecmd
                    bcmdb = if null bcmdb0 then "{}" else bcmdb0
                guard $ take 1 bcmdb=="{"
                let bdmcb = (dropWhile isSpace . reverse) bcmdb
                guard $ take 1 bdmcb == "}"
                let cmd = (drop 1 . reverse . drop 1) bdmcb
                Just (spec,file,cmd)
        btcpairs0 =
            flip map (maybe [] id $ Map.lookup "--bitcoin-keypairs" margs) $ \specfile -> do
                let (spec,efilecmd) = break (=='=') specfile
                (spec,protocnt) <- do
                    return $ if take 1 efilecmd=="=" then (spec,drop 1 efilecmd)
                                                     else ("",spec)
                let (proto,content) = break (==':') protocnt
                spec <- return $ if null spec then "bitcoin" else spec
                return $ 
                    if take 1 content =="=" then (spec,proto,drop 1 content)
                                            else (spec,"base58",proto)
        {-
        publics =
            flip map (maybe [] id $ Map.lookup "--public" margs) $ \specfile -> do
                let (spec,efile) = break (=='=') specfile
                guard $ take 1 efile=="="
                let file= drop 1 efile
                Just (spec,file)
        -}
        keyrings_ = maybe [] id $ Map.lookup "--keyrings" margs
        wallets   = maybe [] id $ Map.lookup "--wallets" margs
        passphrase_fd = concat <$> Map.lookup "--passphrase-fd" margs
        decrypt wk = do
            -- warn $ "decryptKey "++fingerprint wk
            unkeys <- readIORef unkeysRef
            let kk = keykey wk
            flip (flip maybe $ return . Just) (Map.lookup kk unkeys) $ do
            let ret wkun = do writeIORef unkeysRef (Map.insert kk wkun unkeys)
                              return (Just wkun)
            if symmetric_algorithm wk == Unencrypted then ret wk else do
            pw <- do
                pw <- readIORef pwRef
                flip (flip maybe return) pw $ do
                case passphrase_fd of
                    Just fd -> do pwh <- fdToHandle (read fd)
                                  pw <- fmap trimCR $ S.hGetContents pwh
                                  writeIORef pwRef (Just pw)
                                  return pw
                    Nothing -> return ""
            let wkun = do
                k <- decryptSecretKey pw wk
                guard (symmetric_algorithm k == Unencrypted)
                return k
            maybe (return Nothing) ret wkun

    when (not . null $ filter isNothing keypairs0) $ do
        warn "syntax error"
        exitFailure

    input_key <- maybe (return Nothing)
                       (const $ fmap (Just . readPublicKey) Char8.getContents) 
                    $ Map.lookup "--show-whose-key" margs

    let keypairs = catMaybes keypairs0
        btcpairs = catMaybes btcpairs0

    {-
    putStrLn $ "keypairs = "++show keypairs
    putStrLn $ "publics  = "++show publics
    putStrLn $ "keyrings = "++show keyrings
    -}

    let homespec = join . take 1 <$> Map.lookup "--homedir" margs
    cross_merge decrypt keyrings_ wallets (setHome homespec KeyRing.empty)
        $ \(secfile,grip) db pubring -> do

        use_db0 <- return db

        let pkeypairs = maybe [] id $ do
                            keygrip <- grip
                            return $ map (\(spec,f,cmd)-> (parseSpec keygrip spec,f,cmd)) keypairs
        fs <- forM pkeypairs $ \((topspec,subspec),f,cmd) -> do
            -- Note that it's important to discard the KeyData objects
            -- returned by filterMatches and retain only the keys.
            -- Otherwise, the iterations within the foldM would not be
            -- able to alter them by returning a modified KeyDB.
            let ms = map fst $ filterMatches topspec (Map.toList db)
            f_found <- doesFileExist f
            return (f_found,(f,subspec,ms,cmd))


        let (imports,exports) = partition fst fs
        use_db <- foldM (doImport decrypt) use_db0 (map snd imports)

        let (btcs,_) = partition isSupportedBTC btcpairs
            isSupportedBTC (spec,"base58",cnt) = True
            isSupportedBTC _                   = False
            dblist = Map.toList use_db
            pbtcs = maybe [] id $ do
                        keygrip <- grip
                        let conv (spec,proto,cnt) = 
                                    let (topspec,subspec) = parseSpec keygrip spec
                                        ms = map fst $ filterMatches topspec dblist
                                    in (ms,subspec,cnt)
                        return $ map conv btcs

        use_db <- foldM (doBTCImport decrypt) use_db pbtcs

        (ret_db,_) <- foldM (doExport decrypt) (use_db,use_db) (map snd exports)

        use_db <-
            flip (maybe $ return use_db) 
                 (lookup "--autosign" $ map (\(x:xs)->(x,xs)) sargs)
                 $ \_ -> do
                let keys = map keyPacket $ Map.elems use_db
                    wk = workingKey grip use_db
                -- g <- newGenIO
                -- stamp <- now
                wkun <- flip (maybe $ return Nothing) wk $ \wk -> do
                            wkun <- decrypt wk
                            maybe (error $ "Bad passphrase?") (return . Just) wkun
                -- return . snd $ Map.mapAccum (signTorIds stamp wkun keys) g use_db
                Traversable.mapM (signTorIds wkun keys) use_db

        use_db <- markForImport margs grip pubring use_db

        ret_db <- return use_db
            
        ret_db <- do
            let db = ret_db
            let hns = maybe [] id $ Map.lookup "--hosts" margs
            hostdbs0 <- mapM (fmap Hosts.decode . L.readFile) hns

            let gpgnames = map getHostnames $ Map.elems db
                os = do
                    (addr,(ns,_)) <- gpgnames
                    n <- ns
                    return (addr,n)
                setOnions hosts = foldl' (flip $ uncurry Hosts.assignName) hosts os
                -- we ensure .onion names are set properly
                hostdbs = map setOnions hostdbs0
                outgoing_names = do
                    (addr,(_,gns)) <- gpgnames
                    guard . not $ null gns
                    guard $ all (null . Hosts.namesForAddress addr) hostdbs0
                    return addr
            -- putStrLn $ "hostdbs = " ++ show hostdbs

            -- 1. let U = union all the host dbs 
            --     preserving whitespace and comments of the first
            let u0 = foldl' Hosts.plus Hosts.empty hostdbs
                -- we filter U to be only finger-dresses
                u1 = Hosts.filterAddrs (hasFingerDress db) u0

            -- let nf h = map Char8.unpack $ Hosts.namesForAddress (fromJust $ Hosts.inet_pton "fdf4:ed98:29c7:6226:9bde:a5b4:d564:3321") h
            {-
            putStrLn $ "_  = {\n" ++ show (head hostdbs) ++ "}"
            putStrLn $ "--> " ++ show (nf (head hostdbs))
            putStrLn $ "u0 = {\n" ++ show u0 ++ "}"
            putStrLn $ "--> " ++ show (nf u0)
            putStrLn $ "u1 = {\n" ++ show u1 ++ "}"
            putStrLn $ "--> " ++ show (nf u1)
            -}
            
            -- 2. replace gpg annotations with those in U
            -- forM use_db
            db' <- Traversable.mapM (setHostnames (\a -> not $ elem a outgoing_names) u1) db

            -- 3. add hostnames from gpg for addresses not in U
            let u = foldl' f u1 ans
                ans = reverse $ do
                    (addr,(_,ns)) <- gpgnames
                    guard $ addr `elem` outgoing_names -- . null $ Hosts.namesForAddress addr u0
                    n <- ns
                    return (addr,n)
                f h (addr,n) = Hosts.assignNewName addr n h

            {-
            putStrLn $ "u = {\n" ++ show u ++ "}"
            putStrLn $ "--> " ++ show (nf u)
            -}

            -- 4. for each host db H, union H with U and write it out as H'
            --     only if there is a non-empty diff
            forM_ (zip hns $ zip hostdbs0 hostdbs) $ \(fname,(h0,h1)) -> do 
                let h = h1 `Hosts.plus` u
                    d = Hosts.diff h0 h
                    fnamecolon = Char8.pack fname <> ": "
                {-
                putStrLn $ "h = {\n" ++ show h ++ "}"
                putStrLn $ "--> " ++ show (nf h)
                -}
                Char8.hPutStrLn stderr $ Char8.unlines (map (fnamecolon <>) d)
                when (not $ null d) $ L.writeFile fname $ Hosts.encode h
                return ()

            return db'

        do
            -- On last pass, interpret --show-* commands.
            let shspec = Map.fromList [("--show-wk", const $ show_wk secfile grip)
                                      ,("--show-all",const $ show_all)
                                      ,("--show-whose-key", const $ show_whose_key input_key)
                                      ,("--show-key",\[x] -> show_key x $ maybe "" id grip)
                                      ,("--show-pem",\[x] -> show_pem x $ maybe "" id grip)
                                      ,("--show-ssh",\[x] -> show_ssh x $ maybe "" id grip)
                                      ,("--show-wip",\[x] -> show_wip x $ maybe "" id grip)
                                      ,("--help", \_ _ ->kiki_usage)]
                shargs = mapMaybe (\(x:xs) -> (,xs) <$> Map.lookup x shspec) sargs

            forM_ shargs $ \(cmd,args) -> cmd args use_db
        return ret_db

    return()
 where

    getTorKeys pub = do
        xs <- groupBindings pub
        (_,(top,sub),us,_,_) <- xs
        guard ("tor" `elem` us)
        let torhash = maybe "" id $ derToBase32 <$> derRSA sub
        return (top,(torhash,sub))


    signTorIds selfkey keys kd@(KeyData k ksigs umap submap) = do
        umap' <- Traversable.mapM signIfTor (Map.mapWithKey (,) umap)
        return (KeyData k ksigs umap' submap) :: IO KeyData
     where
        mkey = packet k
        signIfTor (str,ps) =
            if isTorID str 
                then do
                    let uidxs0 = map packet $ flattenUid "" True (str,ps)
                    -- addition<- signSelfAuthTorKeys' selfkey g keys grip timestamp mkey uidxs0
                    additional <- signSelfAuthTorKeys' selfkey   keys grip           mkey uidxs0
                    let ps' = ( map ( (,tmap) . toMappedPacket om) additional 
                                 ++ fst ps
                              , Map.union om (snd ps) )
                        toMappedPacket om p = (mappedPacket "" p) {locations=om}
                        om = Map.singleton "--autosign" (origin p (-1)) where p = UserIDPacket str
                        tmap = Map.empty
                    return ps'
                else return ps

        torbindings = getTorKeys (map packet $ flattenTop "" True kd)
        isTorID str = and [ uid_topdomain parsed == "onion"
                            , uid_realname parsed `elem` ["","Anonymous"]
                            , uid_user parsed == "root"
                            , fmap (match . fst) (lookup mkey torbindings)
                                == Just True ]
                      where parsed = parseUID str
                            match = ( (==subdom) . take (fromIntegral len))
                            subdom0 = L.fromChunks [encodeUtf8 (uid_subdomain parsed)]
                            subdom = Char8.unpack subdom0
                            len = T.length (uid_subdomain parsed)


    signSelfAuthTorKeys' selfkey keys grip mainpubkey (uid:xs') = do
        new_sig <- let wkun = fromJust selfkey
                       tor_ov = torSigOver mainpubkey wkun uid flgs
                   in pgpSign (Message [wkun])
                              tor_ov
                              SHA1
                              (fingerprint wkun)
        return (additional new_sig) -- (uid:sigs,additional,xs'',g')
     where
        (sigs, _) = span isSignaturePacket xs'
        overs sig = signatures $ Message (keys++[mainpubkey,uid,sig])
        vs :: [ ( Packet -- signature
                , Maybe SignatureOver -- Nothing means non-verified
                , Packet ) -- key who signed
              ]
        vs = do
            sig <- sigs
            o <- overs sig 
            k <- keys
            let ov = verify (Message [k]) $ o
            signatures_over ov
            return (sig,Just ov,k)
        selfsigs = filter (\(sig,v,whosign) -> isJust (v >> selfkey >>= guard 
                                                                   . (== keykey whosign) 
                                                                   . keykey))
                          vs
        additional new_sig = do
            new_sig <- maybeToList new_sig
            guard $ {- trace (unlines $ [ "selfsigs = "++show (map ((\(_,_,k)->fingerprint k)) selfsigs)
                                     , " for mainkey = "++fingerprint mainpubkey] )
                        -}
                          (null $ selfsigs)
            signatures_over new_sig
        {-
        modsig sig = sig { signature = map id (signature sig) }
           where plus1 (MPI x) = MPI (x+1)
        params newtop = public ++ map fst (key newtop) ++ "}"
                where
                    public = case newtop of
                                PublicKeyPacket {} -> "public{"
                                SecretKeyPacket {} -> if L.null (encrypted_data newtop )
                                                            then "secret{"
                                                            else "encrypted{"
                                _                  -> "??????{"
        traceSig newtop newuid new_sig = (unlines ["mainpubkey:"++ show (fingerprint mainpubkey)
                                        ,"new_sig topkey:"++ (show . fingerprint $ newtop)
                                        ,"new_sig topkey params: "++ params newtop
                                        ,"new_sig user_id:"++ (show newuid)
                                        ,"new_sig |over| = " ++ (show . length $ new_sig)
                                        ,"new_sig hashed = " ++ (PP.ppShow . concatMap hashed_subpackets $ new_sig)
                                        ,"new_sig unhashed = " ++ (show . concatMap unhashed_subpackets $ new_sig)
                                        ,"new_sig type: " ++ (show . map signature_type $ new_sig)
                                        ,"new_sig signature:" ++ (show . concatMap signature $ new_sig)
                                        ,"new_sig isSignaturePacket(over) = " ++ (show . map isSignaturePacket $ new_sig)
                                        ,"issuer = " ++ show (map signature_issuer new_sig)
                                        ])
        -}
        flgs = if keykey mainpubkey == keykey (fromJust selfkey)
                then keyFlags0 mainpubkey (map (\(x,_,_)->x) selfsigs)
                else []



isSameKey a b = sort (key apub) == sort (key bpub)
 where
    apub = secretToPublic a
    bpub = secretToPublic b



groupBindings pub =
        let (_,bindings) = getBindings pub
            bindings' = accBindings bindings
            code (c,(m,s),_,_,_) = (fingerprint_material m,-c)
            ownerkey (_,(a,_),_,_,_) = a
            sameMaster (ownerkey->a) (ownerkey->b) = fingerprint_material a==fingerprint_material b
            -- matchgrip ((code,(top,sub), kind, hashed,claimants):_) | fpmatch grip top = True
            -- matchgrip _ = False
            gs = {- filter matchgrip $ -} groupBy sameMaster (sortBy (comparing code) bindings')
        in gs

isTopKey p@(SecretKeyPacket {}) | not (is_subkey p) = True
isTopKey p@(PublicKeyPacket {}) | not (is_subkey p) = True
isTopKey _ = False

filterMatches :: KeySpec -> [(KeyKey,KeyData)] -> [(KeyKey,KeyData)]
filterMatches spec ks = filter (matchSpec spec) ks

selectSecretKey :: (KeySpec,Maybe String) -> KeyDB -> Maybe Packet
selectSecretKey (spec,mtag) db = selectKey0 False (spec,mtag) db

selectPublicKey :: (KeySpec,Maybe String) -> KeyDB -> Maybe Packet
selectPublicKey (spec,mtag) db = selectKey0 True (spec,mtag) db

selectKey0 :: Bool -> (KeySpec,Maybe String) -> KeyDB -> Maybe Packet
selectKey0 wantPublic (spec,mtag) db = do
    let Message ps = flattenKeys wantPublic db
        ys = snd $ seek_key spec ps
    flip (maybe (listToMaybe ys)) mtag $ \tag -> do
    let (subspec,ys1) = (KeyTag y tag,ys1) where y:ys1 = ys
        zs = snd $ seek_key subspec ys1
    listToMaybe zs

seek_key :: KeySpec -> [Packet] -> ([Packet],[Packet])
seek_key (KeyGrip grip) sec = (pre, subs)
  where
    (pre,subs) = break pred sec
    pred p@(SecretKeyPacket {}) = matchpr grip p == grip
    pred p@(PublicKeyPacket {}) = matchpr grip p == grip
    pred _                      = False

seek_key (KeyTag key tag) ps = if null bs
                                then (ps,[])
                                else if null qs
                                 then let (as',bs') = seek_key (KeyTag key tag) (tail bs)
                                      in (as ++ (head bs:as'), bs')
                                 else (reverse (tail qs), head qs : reverse rs ++ bs)
  where
    (as,bs) = break (\p -> isSignaturePacket p
                        && has_tag tag p
                        && isJust (signature_issuer p)
                        && matchpr (fromJust $ signature_issuer p) key == fromJust (signature_issuer p) )
                    ps
    (rs,qs) = break isKey (reverse as)

    has_tag tag p = tag `elem` mapMaybe usage (hashed_subpackets p)
                    || tag `elem` map usageString (mapMaybe keyflags (hashed_subpackets p))

seek_key (KeyUidMatch pat) ps = if null bs
                                then (ps,[])
                                else if null qs
                                 then let (as',bs') = seek_key (KeyUidMatch pat) (tail bs)
                                      in (as ++ (head bs:as'), bs')
                                 else (reverse (tail qs), head qs : reverse rs ++ bs)
  where
    (as,bs) = break (isInfixOf pat . uidStr)
                    ps
    (rs,qs) = break isKey (reverse as)

    uidStr (UserIDPacket s) = s
    uidStr _                = ""

groupTops ps = groupBy (\_ b -> not (isTopKey b)) ps


{-
makeTorUID g timestamp wkun keyflags topkey torkey = uid:signatures_over sig
 where
    torhash sub = maybe "" id $ derToBase32 <$> derRSA sub
    s = "Anonymous <root@" ++ take 16 (torhash torkey) ++ ".onion>"
    uid = UserIDPacket s
    sig = fst $ torsig g topkey wkun uid timestamp keyflags
-}