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introduced to match the behaviour of non-free SSH, in which -q does not
suppress fatal errors, but matching the behaviour of OpenSSH upstream is
much more important nowadays. We no longer document that -q does not
suppress fatal errors (closes: #280609). Migrate "LogLevel SILENT" to
"LogLevel QUIET" in sshd_config on upgrade.
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- After a transition period of about 10 years, this release disables SSH
protocol 1 by default. Clients and servers that need to use the
legacy protocol must explicitly enable it in ssh_config / sshd_config
or on the command-line.
- Remove the libsectok/OpenSC-based smartcard code and add support for
PKCS#11 tokens. This support is enabled by default in the Debian
packaging, since it now doesn't involve additional library
dependencies (closes: #231472, LP: #16918).
- Add support for certificate authentication of users and hosts using a
new, minimal OpenSSH certificate format (closes: #482806).
- Added a 'netcat mode' to ssh(1): "ssh -W host:port ...".
- Add the ability to revoke keys in sshd(8) and ssh(1). (For the Debian
package, this overlaps with the key blacklisting facility added in
openssh 1:4.7p1-9, but with different file formats and slightly
different scopes; for the moment, I've roughly merged the two.)
- Various multiplexing improvements, including support for requesting
port-forwardings via the multiplex protocol (closes: #360151).
- Allow setting an explicit umask on the sftp-server(8) commandline to
override whatever default the user has (closes: #496843).
- Many sftp client improvements, including tab-completion, more options,
and recursive transfer support for get/put (LP: #33378). The old
mget/mput commands never worked properly and have been removed
(closes: #270399, #428082).
- Do not prompt for a passphrase if we fail to open a keyfile, and log
the reason why the open failed to debug (closes: #431538).
- Prevent sftp from crashing when given a "-" without a command. Also,
allow whitespace to follow a "-" (closes: #531561).
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[sshd_config.5]
missing word; spotted by jmc@
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[ssh.1 sshd_config.5]
tweak previous;
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[auth-rh-rsa.c auth-rsa.c auth.c auth.h auth2-hostbased.c auth2-pubkey.c]
[authfile.c authfile.h hostfile.c hostfile.h servconf.c servconf.h]
[ssh-keygen.c ssh.1 sshconnect.c sshd_config.5]
Add a TrustedUserCAKeys option to sshd_config to specify CA keys that
are trusted to authenticate users (in addition than doing it per-user
in authorized_keys).
Add a RevokedKeys option to sshd_config and a @revoked marker to
known_hosts to allow keys to me revoked and banned for user or host
authentication.
feedback and ok markus@
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- djm@cvs.openbsd.org 2010/02/26 20:29:54
[PROTOCOL PROTOCOL.agent PROTOCOL.certkeys addrmatch.c auth-options.c]
[auth-options.h auth.h auth2-pubkey.c authfd.c dns.c dns.h hostfile.c]
[hostfile.h kex.h kexdhs.c kexgexs.c key.c key.h match.h monitor.c]
[myproposal.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh-add.c ssh-agent.c ssh-dss.c]
[ssh-keygen.1 ssh-keygen.c ssh-rsa.c ssh.1 ssh.c ssh2.h sshconnect.c]
[sshconnect2.c sshd.8 sshd.c sshd_config.5]
Add support for certificate key types for users and hosts.
OpenSSH certificate key types are not X.509 certificates, but a much
simpler format that encodes a public key, identity information and
some validity constraints and signs it with a CA key. CA keys are
regular SSH keys. This certificate style avoids the attack surface
of X.509 certificates and is very easy to deploy.
Certified host keys allow automatic acceptance of new host keys
when a CA certificate is marked as sh/known_hosts.
see VERIFYING HOST KEYS in ssh(1) for details.
Certified user keys allow authentication of users when the signing
CA key is marked as trusted in authorized_keys. See "AUTHORIZED_KEYS
FILE FORMAT" in sshd(8) for details.
Certificates are minted using ssh-keygen(1), documentation is in
the "CERTIFICATES" section of that manpage.
Documentation on the format of certificates is in the file
PROTOCOL.certkeys
feedback and ok markus@
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* Update to GSSAPI patch from
http://www.sxw.org.uk/computing/patches/openssh-5.3p1-gsskex-all-20100124.patch.
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to allow sshd to run without the Debian-specific extra version in the
initial protocol handshake (closes: #562048).
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[channels.c ssh.1 servconf.c sshd_config.5 sshd.c channels.h servconf.h
ssh-keyscan.1 ssh-keyscan.c readconf.c sshconnect.c misc.c ssh.c
readconf.h scp.1 sftp.1 ssh_config.5 misc.h]
Remove RoutingDomain from ssh since it's now not needed. It can be
replaced with "route exec" or "nc -V" as a proxycommand. "route exec"
also ensures that trafic such as DNS lookups stays withing the specified
routingdomain. For example (from reyk):
# route -T 2 exec /usr/sbin/sshd
or inherited from the parent process
$ route -T 2 exec sh
$ ssh 10.1.2.3
ok deraadt@ markus@ stevesk@ reyk@
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[sshd_config.5 ssh_config.5]
sort previous;
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[sshd_config.5 readconf.c ssh_config.5 scp.1 servconf.c sftp.1 ssh.1]
Rename RDomain config option to RoutingDomain to be more clear and
consistent with other options.
NOTE: if you currently use RDomain in the ssh client or server config,
or ssh/sshd -o, you must update to use RoutingDomain.
ok markus@ djm@
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[ssh.c sftp.c scp.c]
When passing user-controlled options with arguments to other programs,
pass the option and option argument as separate argv entries and
not smashed into one (e.g., as -l foo and not -lfoo). Also, always
pass a "--" argument to stop option parsing, so that a positional
argument that starts with a '-' isn't treated as an option. This
fixes some error cases as well as the handling of hostnames and
filenames that start with a '-'.
Based on a diff by halex@
ok halex@ djm@ deraadt@
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[sshd_config.5]
clarify that StrictModes does not apply to ChrootDirectory. Permissions
and ownership are always checked when chrooting. bz#1532
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[sshd_config.5 sftp.1]
tweak previous;
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[ssh_config.5 sshd.c misc.h ssh-keyscan.1 readconf.h sshconnect.c
channels.c channels.h servconf.h servconf.c ssh.1 ssh-keyscan.c scp.1
sftp.1 sshd_config.5 readconf.c ssh.c misc.c]
Allow to set the rdomain in ssh/sftp/scp/sshd and ssh-keyscan.
ok markus@
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non-BSD systems (closes: #154434).
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for a while, but there's no GSSAPI patch available for it yet.
- Change the default cipher order to prefer the AES CTR modes and the
revised "arcfour256" mode to CBC mode ciphers that are susceptible to
CPNI-957037 "Plaintext Recovery Attack Against SSH".
- Add countermeasures to mitigate CPNI-957037-style attacks against the
SSH protocol's use of CBC-mode ciphers. Upon detection of an invalid
packet length or Message Authentication Code, ssh/sshd will continue
reading up to the maximum supported packet length rather than
immediately terminating the connection. This eliminates most of the
known differences in behaviour that leaked information about the
plaintext of injected data which formed the basis of this attack
(closes: #506115, LP: #379329).
- ForceCommand directive now accepts commandline arguments for the
internal-sftp server (closes: #524423, LP: #362511).
- Add AllowAgentForwarding to available Match keywords list (closes:
#540623).
- Make ssh(1) send the correct channel number for
SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_SUCCESS and SSH2_MSG_CHANNEL_FAILURE messages to
avoid triggering 'Non-public channel' error messages on sshd(8) in
openssh-5.1.
- Avoid printing 'Non-public channel' warnings in sshd(8), since the
ssh(1) has sent incorrect channel numbers since ~2004 (this reverts a
behaviour introduced in openssh-5.1; closes: #496017).
* Update to GSSAPI patch from
http://www.sxw.org.uk/computing/patches/openssh-5.2p1-gsskex-all-20090726.patch,
including cascading credentials support (LP: #416958).
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[sshd_config.5 ssh_config.5 sshd.8 ssh.1]
some tweaks now that protocol 1 is not offered by default; ok markus
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- markus@cvs.openbsd.org 2009/10/08 14:03:41
[sshd_config readconf.c ssh_config.5 servconf.c sshd_config.5]
disable protocol 1 by default (after a transition period of about 10 years)
ok deraadt
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[sshd_config.5]
Add PubkeyAuthentication to the list allowed in a Match block (bz #1577)
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another provider for ChallengeResponseAuthentication; bz#1408; ok dtucker@
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[sshd_config.5]
clarify we cd to user's home after chroot; ok markus@ on
earlier version; tweaks and ok jmc@
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[sshd_config.5]
tweak previous; ok stevesk
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[sshd_config.5]
clarify that even internal-sftp needs /dev/log for logging to work; ok
markus@
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[sshd_config.5]
fix possessive; ok djm@
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[sshd_config.5]
missing period
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[ssh_config.5 sshd_config.5]
don't advertise experimental options
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[ssh_config.5 sshd_config.5]
sync list of preferred ciphers; ok djm@
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[sshd_config.5]
add AllowAgentForwarding to available Match keywords list
ok djm
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[auth.h auth2.c monitor.c monitor.h monitor_wrap.c monitor_wrap.h]
[readconf.c readconf.h servconf.c servconf.h ssh2.h ssh_config.5]
[sshconnect2.c sshd_config.5 jpake.c jpake.h schnorr.c auth2-jpake.c]
[Makefile.in]
Add support for an experimental zero-knowledge password authentication
method using the J-PAKE protocol described in F. Hao, P. Ryan,
"Password Authenticated Key Exchange by Juggling", 16th Workshop on
Security Protocols, Cambridge, April 2008.
This method allows password-based authentication without exposing
the password to the server. Instead, the client and server exchange
cryptographic proofs to demonstrate of knowledge of the password while
revealing nothing useful to an attacker or compromised endpoint.
This is experimental, work-in-progress code and is presently
compiled-time disabled (turn on -DJPAKE in Makefile.inc).
"just commit it. It isn't too intrusive." deraadt@
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[servconf.c sshd_config.5]
support setting PermitEmptyPasswords in a Match block
requested in PR3891; ok dtucker@
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backported to 4.7p1:
- 4.9/4.9p1 (http://www.openssh.com/txt/release-4.9):
+ Added chroot(2) support for sshd(8), controlled by a new option
"ChrootDirectory" (closes: #139047, LP: #24777).
+ Linked sftp-server(8) into sshd(8). The internal sftp server is used
when the command "internal-sftp" is specified in a Subsystem or
ForceCommand declaration. When used with ChrootDirectory, the
internal sftp server requires no special configuration of files
inside the chroot environment.
+ Added a protocol extension method "posix-rename@openssh.com" for
sftp-server(8) to perform POSIX atomic rename() operations; sftp(1)
prefers this if available (closes: #308561).
+ Removed the fixed limit of 100 file handles in sftp-server(8).
+ ssh(8) will now skip generation of SSH protocol 1 ephemeral server
keys when in inetd mode and protocol 2 connections are negotiated.
This speeds up protocol 2 connections to inetd-mode servers that
also allow Protocol 1.
+ Accept the PermitRootLogin directive in a sshd_config(5) Match
block. Allows for, e.g. permitting root only from the local network.
+ Reworked sftp(1) argument splitting and escaping to be more
internally consistent (i.e. between sftp commands) and more
consistent with sh(1). Please note that this will change the
interpretation of some quoted strings, especially those with
embedded backslash escape sequences.
+ Support "Banner=none" in sshd_config(5) to disable sending of a
pre-login banner (e.g. in a Match block).
+ ssh(1) ProxyCommands are now executed with $SHELL rather than
/bin/sh.
+ ssh(1)'s ConnectTimeout option is now applied to both the TCP
connection and the SSH banner exchange (previously it just covered
the TCP connection). This allows callers of ssh(1) to better detect
and deal with stuck servers that accept a TCP connection but don't
progress the protocol, and also makes ConnectTimeout useful for
connections via a ProxyCommand.
+ scp(1) incorrectly reported "stalled" on slow copies (closes:
#140828).
+ scp(1) date underflow for timestamps before epoch.
+ ssh(1) used the obsolete SIG DNS RRtype for host keys in DNS,
instead of the current standard RRSIG.
+ Correctly drain ACKs when a sftp(1) upload write fails midway,
avoids a fatal() exit from what should be a recoverable condition.
+ Fixed ssh-keygen(1) selective host key hashing (i.e. "ssh-keygen -HF
hostname") to not include any IP address in the data to be hashed.
+ Make ssh(1) skip listening on the IPv6 wildcard address when a
binding address of 0.0.0.0 is used against an old SSH server that
does not support the RFC4254 syntax for wildcard bind addresses.
+ Enable IPV6_V6ONLY socket option on sshd(8) listen socket, as is
already done for X11/TCP forwarding sockets (closes: #439661).
+ Fix FD leak that could hang a ssh(1) connection multiplexing master.
+ Make ssh(1) -q option documentation consistent with reality.
+ Fixed sshd(8) PAM support not calling pam_session_close(), or
failing to call it with root privileges (closes: #372680).
+ Fix activation of OpenSSL engine support when requested in configure
(LP: #119295).
- 5.1/5.1p1 (http://www.openssh.com/txt/release-5.1):
+ Introduce experimental SSH Fingerprint ASCII Visualisation to ssh(1)
and ssh-keygen(1). Visual fingerprint display is controlled by a new
ssh_config(5) option "VisualHostKey". The intent is to render SSH
host keys in a visual form that is amenable to easy recall and
rejection of changed host keys.
+ sshd_config(5) now supports CIDR address/masklen matching in "Match
address" blocks, with a fallback to classic wildcard matching.
+ sshd(8) now supports CIDR matching in ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
from="..." restrictions, also with a fallback to classic wildcard
matching.
+ Added an extended test mode (-T) to sshd(8) to request that it write
its effective configuration to stdout and exit. Extended test mode
also supports the specification of connection parameters (username,
source address and hostname) to test the application of
sshd_config(5) Match rules.
+ ssh(1) now prints the number of bytes transferred and the overall
connection throughput for SSH protocol 2 sessions when in verbose
mode (previously these statistics were displayed for protocol 1
connections only).
+ sftp-server(8) now supports extension methods statvfs@openssh.com
and fstatvfs@openssh.com that implement statvfs(2)-like operations.
+ sftp(1) now has a "df" command to the sftp client that uses the
statvfs@openssh.com to produce a df(1)-like display of filesystem
space and inode utilisation (requires statvfs@openssh.com support on
the server).
+ Added a MaxSessions option to sshd_config(5) to allow control of the
number of multiplexed sessions supported over a single TCP
connection. This allows increasing the number of allowed sessions
above the previous default of 10, disabling connection multiplexing
(MaxSessions=1) or disallowing login/shell/subsystem sessions
entirely (MaxSessions=0).
+ Added a no-more-sessions@openssh.com global request extension that
is sent from ssh(1) to sshd(8) when the client knows that it will
never request another session (i.e. when session multiplexing is
disabled). This allows a server to disallow further session requests
and terminate the session in cases where the client has been
hijacked.
+ ssh-keygen(1) now supports the use of the -l option in combination
with -F to search for a host in ~/.ssh/known_hosts and display its
fingerprint.
+ ssh-keyscan(1) now defaults to "rsa" (protocol 2) keys, instead of
"rsa1".
+ Added an AllowAgentForwarding option to sshd_config(8) to control
whether authentication agent forwarding is permitted. Note that this
is a loose control, as a client may install their own unofficial
forwarder.
+ ssh(1) and sshd(8): avoid unnecessary malloc/copy/free when
receiving network data, resulting in a ~10% speedup.
+ ssh(1) and sshd(8) will now try additional addresses when connecting
to a port forward destination whose DNS name resolves to more than
one address. The previous behaviour was to try the only first
address and give up if that failed.
+ ssh(1) and sshd(8) now support signalling that channels are
half-closed for writing, through a channel protocol extension
notification "eow@openssh.com". This allows propagation of closed
file descriptors, so that commands such as "ssh -2 localhost od
/bin/ls | true" do not send unnecessary data over the wire.
+ sshd(8): increased the default size of ssh protocol 1 ephemeral keys
from 768 to 1024 bits.
+ When ssh(1) has been requested to fork after authentication ("ssh
-f") with ExitOnForwardFailure enabled, delay the fork until after
replies for any -R forwards have been seen. Allows for robust
detection of -R forward failure when using -f.
+ "Match group" blocks in sshd_config(5) now support negation of
groups. E.g. "Match group staff,!guests".
+ sftp(1) and sftp-server(8) now allow chmod-like operations to set
set[ug]id/sticky bits.
+ The MaxAuthTries option is now permitted in sshd_config(5) match
blocks.
+ Multiplexed ssh(1) sessions now support a subset of the ~ escapes
that are available to a primary connection.
+ ssh(1) connection multiplexing will now fall back to creating a new
connection in most error cases (closes: #352830).
+ Make ssh(1) deal more gracefully with channel requests that fail.
Previously it would optimistically assume that requests would always
succeed, which could cause hangs if they did not (e.g. when the
server runs out of file descriptors).
+ ssh(1) now reports multiplexing errors via the multiplex slave's
stderr where possible (subject to LogLevel in the mux master).
+ Prevent sshd(8) from erroneously applying public key restrictions
leaned from ~/.ssh/authorized_keys to other authentication methods
when public key authentication subsequently fails (LP: #161047).
+ Fixed an UMAC alignment problem that manifested on Itanium
platforms.
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[sshd_config sshd_config.5 sshd.8 servconf.c]
increase default size of ssh protocol 1 ephemeral key from 768 to 1024
bits; prodded by & ok dtucker@ ok deraadt@
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[servconf.c sshd_config.5]
Allow MaxAuthTries within a Match block. ok djm@
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[sshd_config.5]
MaxSessions is allowed in a Match block too
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[sshd_config.5]
tweak previous;
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[sshd_config.5]
better reference for pattern-list
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- djm@cvs.openbsd.org 2008/06/10 03:57:27
[servconf.c match.h sshd_config.5]
support CIDR address matching in sshd_config "Match address" blocks, with
full support for negation and fall-back to classic wildcard matching.
For example:
Match address 192.0.2.0/24,3ffe:ffff::/32,!10.*
PasswordAuthentication yes
addrmatch.c code mostly lifted from flowd's addr.c
feedback and ok dtucker@
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[monitor.c monitor_wrap.c session.h servconf.c servconf.h session.c]
[sshd_config sshd_config.5]
Make the maximum number of sessions run-time controllable via
a sshd_config MaxSessions knob. This is useful for disabling
login/shell/subsystem access while leaving port-forwarding working
(MaxSessions 0), disabling connection multiplexing (MaxSessions 1) or
simply increasing the number of allows multiplexed sessions.
Because some bozos are sure to configure MaxSessions in excess of the
number of available file descriptors in sshd (which, at peak, might be
as many as 9*MaxSessions), audit sshd to ensure that it doesn't leak fds
on error paths, and make it fail gracefully on out-of-fd conditions -
sending channel errors instead of than exiting with fatal().
bz#1090; MaxSessions config bits and manpage from junyer AT gmail.com
ok markus@
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[sshd_config.5]
sort;
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[servconf.c servconf.h session.c sshd_config.5]
Enable the AllowAgentForwarding option in sshd_config (global and match
context), to specify if agents should be permitted on the server.
As the man page states:
``Note that disabling Agent forwarding does not improve security
unless users are also denied shell access, as they can always install
their own forwarders.''
ok djm@, ok and a mild frown markus@
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[sshd_config.5]
HostbasedAuthentication is supported under Match too
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