cause the grok-block hooks to run

13 files changed, 2365 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/old-school/common.sh b/old-school/common.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c216d2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/common.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+REQUIRED_MB=250 # minimum megabytes available to offer install
+MENUFIFO=/menu.fifo
+DEBUG=y
+LOGBASE=/var/log
+
+debug_log()
+{
+  if [ -n "$DEBUG" ]; then
+    if [ -n "$1" ]; then
+      DEBUG_LOG=$LOGBASE/"$1".$$.log
+    else
+      DEBUG_LOG=$LOGBASE/$(basename $0).$$.log
+    fi
+    mkdir -p $LOGBASE
+    exec >>$DEBUG_LOG 2>&1
+    set -x
+  fi
+}
+addmenu()
+{
+  cat <<END >>$MENUFIFO # mind the tabs
+setItem "$1" "dummy" "$2" "$3"
+END
+}
+menutitle()
+{
+  printf 'setTitle "%s"\n' "$1" >>$MENUFIFO
+  printf 'setWelcomeText "%s"\n' "$2" >>$MENUFIFO
+}
+bootmenu()
+{
+  local do_trigger="$1" no_panic="$2"
+  /bin/openvt -f -c 7 -- dynmenu "$MENUFIFO" &&
+  chvt 7 &&
+  menutitle 'Samizdat\n\nAs the Internet develops there are\ntransitions in the management arrangements.\nThe time has come to take\na small step in one of those transitions.' 'Choose an installation target.'
+# menutitle 'Samizdat\nfreedom from surveillance\nno trusted authorities' 'Choose an installation target.'
+  addmenu "ramdisk" "[ Boot to RAM without installing anything ]" "menu-select boot-ram"
+  if [ $? != 0 -a ! "$no_panic" ]; then
+    panic "error loading boot menu!  the system won't be usable :("
+  fi
+  if [ "$do_trigger" ]; then
+    udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=block --action=add
+  fi
+}
+find_squashfs_root()
+{
+  # TODO: "make" puts the correct location in $iso_squashfs_dir.  Get
+  # information into this function!
+
+  bootwait samizdat-cdrom
+  for dir in /cdrom/live /cdrom/liveos /cdrom/aptosid /cdrom/*
+  do
+    [ -d "$dir" ] || continue;
+    if [ -f "$dir"/filesystem.module ]; then
+      while read fs; do
+        [ -f "$dir"/"$fs" ] && echo "$dir" "$fs"
+      done < "$dir"/filesystem.module
+      return
+    fi
+  done
+  for fs in /cdrom/live/filesystem.squashfs /cdrom/live/grml-small.squashfs /cdrom/liveos/squashfs.img /cdrom/aptosid/aptosid.* /cdrom/*/*.squashfs
+  do
+    if [ -f "$fs" ]; then
+      echo "${fs%/*}" "${fs##*/}"
+      break
+    fi
+  done
+}
+xtrace()
+{
+  case "$-" in
+  *x*) "$@" ;;
+  *) set -x; "$@"; set +x ;;
+  esac
+}
+sleepcmd() {
+  local t=$1
+  shift
+  echo "about to run '$*' (in $t)"
+  sleep $t
+  "$@"
+}
+sleep_forever_verbose() {
+  sleep 4294967295 &
+  local sleep=$!
+  warn "sleeping until you kill $sleep..."
+  wait $sleep
+}
+warn() { [ -z "$warnings" ] || echo "$@" >&2; }
+panic()
+{
+  set +x
+  exec </dev/tty1 >/dev/tty1 2>&1
+  reset
+  echo "[p$$] initramfs /init: fatal error: $@"
+  echo "[p$$] will now exec emergency shell"
+  export PS1="[p$$ \\w]# "
+  chvt 1
+  exec /bin/sh -i
+}
+bootwait()
+{
+  mkdir -p /bootwait
+  local i=$#; while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
+    i=$((i-1))
+    local f="$1"; shift; set -- "$@" "/bootwait/$f" 
+  done
+  wait_for_files "$@"
+}
+bootdone()
+{
+  mkdir -p /bootwait
+  local i=$#; while [ $i -gt 0 ]; do
+    i=$((i-1))
+    local f="$1"; shift; set -- "$@" "/bootwait/$f" 
+  done
+  touch "$@"
+}
+my_openvt()
+{
+  /bin/openvt -c "$@"
+}
+
+# This runs before way before NTP and on a LiveCD we have no
+# reason to trust the system clock.
+gpg2_nobatch() { GPG_TTY=$(tty) command gpg2 --ignore-time-conflict --ignore-valid-from "$@"; }
+gpg2() { gpg2_nobatch --batch "$@"; }
+
+xcp() { if [ -f "$1" -a ! -f "$2" ]; then cp "$1" "$2"; fi; }
+
+mountsquashes()
+{
+  local name dirname basename
+  while read dirname basename && [ -d "$dirname" -a -f "$dirname/$basename" ]; do
+    name=${basename%.squashfs}
+    mkdir -p "/squashes/$name" || return 1
+    xcp "$dirname"/filesystem.module /squashes/filesystem.module || return 1
+    mountpoint -q "/squashes/$name" ||
+    mount -o ro,loop "$dirname/$basename" "/squashes/$name" || return 1
+  done
+}
+
diff --git a/old-school/grok-block b/old-school/grok-block
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3f45bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/grok-block
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+. common.sh
+
+DEVNAME=$1
+case "$DEVNAME" in /dev/loop*|/dev/ram*|/dev/dm-*|/dev/md*) exit ;; esac
+[ -b "$DEVNAME" ] || exit
+
+debug_log "grok-block.${DEVNAME##*/}"
+
+addmenu_choosekey() 
+{
+  dev=$1
+  dir=$2
+  addmenu "$dev//$dir" \
+          "[ Use the GPG key on $dev ]" \
+          "menu-select boot-gpg $dev $dir"
+}
+
+addmenu_repairhfs()
+{
+  local device="$1"
+  addmenu "$device//reboot" \
+    "[ Reboot into Mac OS X in order to repair disk $device ]" \
+    "eject /cdrom; sleep 2; reboot -f"
+  addmenu "$device//fsck" \
+    "[ (DANGEROUS) Try to repair errors on $device with fsck.hfsplus ]" \
+    "/bin/openvt -sw -- sh -c 'fsck.hfsplus $device && remenu'"
+}
+
+addmenu_chooseroot()
+{
+  local device="$1" loopfile="$2"
+
+  addmenu "$device//$loopfile" \
+    "[ Boot the system on $device${loopfile:+ in file $(basename $loopfile)} ]" \
+    "menu-select --fs=$ID_FS_TYPE boot-luks $device ${loopfile:-$device}"
+}
+
+addmenu_makeroot()
+{
+  local device="$1" loopfile="$2" megs="$3" copy_cdrom="$4"
+  (
+    addmenu "$device//$loopfile" \
+      "[ Install Samizdat to $device (in file $(basename $loopfile)) ]" \
+      "menu-select --fs=$ID_FS_TYPE boot-new $device $loopfile $megs $copy_cdrom"
+  ) &
+}
+
+retry_mount()
+{
+  tries=20
+  until mntout="$(mount "$@" 2>&1)"
+  do
+    tries=$(( tries - 1 ))
+    case "$mntout" in 
+      *"Device or resource busy"*) 
+        if [ $tries -le 0 ]; then
+          warn "mount $@ failed: $mntout"
+          return 1
+        else
+          sleep 1
+          continue
+        fi
+        ;;
+      *)
+        warn "mount $@ failed: $mntout"
+        break ;;
+    esac
+  done
+}
+
+gpg_verify()
+{
+  bootwait samizdat-cdrom
+  gpg2 --lock-never --no-permission-warning --no-auto-check-trustdb --no-options --homedir /cdrom/samizdat/gpg/gnupghome --verify "$1"
+}
+is_lvm()
+{
+  for n in 0 1 2 3; do
+    [ "LVM2 001" = "$(dd if="$1" bs=1 skip=$((512*n+24)) count=8 2>/dev/null)" ] && return 0
+  done
+  return 1
+}
+
+grok_block()
+{
+  local mountpoint="/mnt/${DEVNAME##*/}"
+
+  mkdir -p "$mountpoint"
+
+  case "$ID_FS_TYPE" in
+    ntfs) mount_type='-t ntfs-3g' ;;
+    "")   mount_type= ;;
+    *)    mount_type="-t $ID_FS_TYPE" ;;
+  esac
+
+  if [ "$ID_FS_TYPE" = hfsplus ] && ! fsck.hfsplus -q "$DEVNAME"; then
+    (if fsck.hfsplus "$DEVNAME"; then
+      grok-block "$DEVNAME"
+    else
+      addmenu_repairhfs "$DEVNAME"
+    fi) &
+    return
+  fi
+
+  if ! mountpoint -q "$mountpoint"; then
+    retry_mount $mount_type -o ro "$DEVNAME" "$mountpoint"
+  fi
+
+  if mountpoint -q "$mountpoint"; then
+    umount=true
+    # Device has an unencrypted filesystem on it.
+    # So we mount it and look for loop-back overlays.
+
+    if [ -d "$mountpoint/samizdat.gpg" ]; then
+      # check the key somehow?
+      addmenu_choosekey "$DEVNAME" "$mountpoint/samizdat.gpg"
+    fi
+
+    N=1; while [ -e "$mountpoint/samizdat.$N" ]
+    do
+      if gpg_verify "$mountpoint/samizdat.$N"k; then
+        addmenu_chooseroot "$DEVNAME" "$mountpoint/samizdat.$N"
+        # this menu entry chooses the root fs, and should prompt and wait for the matching key
+        umount=false
+      fi
+      N=$((N+1))
+    done
+
+    freeblocks=$(stat -f -c %f "$mountpoint")
+    blocksize=$(stat -f -c %S "$mountpoint")
+    freemegs=$((freeblocks * blocksize / 1024 / 1024))
+
+    if [ "$freemegs" -ge 300 ]; then
+
+      umount=false
+      bootwait samizdat-cdrom
+      cdromblocks=$(stat -f -c %b /cdrom)
+      cdromblocksize=$(stat -f -c %S /cdrom)
+      cdrommegs=$((cdromblocks * cdromblocksize / 1024 / 1024))
+
+      if [ "$freemegs"   -ge "$((cdrommegs * 3))" ]; then
+        addmenu_makeroot "$DEVNAME" "${mountpoint}/samizdat.$N" "$((cdrommegs * 3))" 1
+      elif [ "$freemegs" -ge "$((cdrommegs * 2))" ]; then
+        addmenu_makeroot "$DEVNAME" "${mountpoint}/samizdat.$N" "$((cdrommegs * 2))" 1
+      elif [ "$freemegs" -ge "$cdrommegs" ]; then
+        addmenu_makeroot "$DEVNAME" "${mountpoint}/samizdat.$N" "$((freemegs / 2))" 0
+      fi
+    fi
+
+    if $umount; then
+      umount "$mountpoint"
+      rmdir "$mountpoint"
+    fi
+  else
+    rmdir "$mountpoint"
+  fi
+}
+
+# Get me all them nice udev variables
+eval "$(PATH=$PATH:/lib/udev vol_id "$DEVNAME" | 
+  sed "s/'/'\\\\''/; s/=\(.*\)/='\1'/"
+)"
+
+CDROM_ID_FS_UUID_ENC='73256269-4002-4e42-adbd-0e49ed1c7438'
+CDROM_ID_FS_LABEL_ENC=$(sed 's/ /\\x20/g' /lib/samizdat/vol_id.txt)
+if [ "$ID_FS_UUID_ENC"  = "$CDROM_ID_FS_UUID_ENC" -o \
+     "$ID_FS_LABEL_ENC" = "$CDROM_ID_FS_LABEL_ENC" ]
+then
+  # Recognize and mount the Samizdat 
+  if ! mountpoint -q /cdrom; then
+    mkdir -p /cdrom
+    (retry_mount -t iso9660 -r "$DEVNAME" /cdrom && bootdone samizdat-cdrom) &
+  fi
+else
+  grok_block &
+fi
+
+# vim:set et sw=2:
diff --git a/old-school/halt.montecarlo b/old-school/halt.montecarlo
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..67dac17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/halt.montecarlo
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+cmd=${0##*/}
+dashf=
+for arg in "$@"; do
+  case "$arg" in -*f*) dashf=1 ;; esac
+  case "$arg" in -*p*) [ "$cmd" = halt ] && cmd=poweroff ;; esac
+done
+
+[ "$dashf" ] || exec -a "$0" /sbin/halt.distrib "$@"
+
+read pids < /run/sendsigs.omit.d/samizdat
+for p in $pids; do
+  if [ -e /proc/$p/root -a ! /proc/$p/root -ef / ]; then
+    initramfs=/proc/$p/root
+    break
+  fi
+done
+
+panic()
+{
+  set -x
+  sync
+  exec -a "$0" /sbin/halt.distrib "$@"
+}
+
+[ "$initramfs" ] || panic
+
+cp /sbin/init $initramfs/telinit
+
+# Apparently, linux does not allow a direct bind mount of a file on
+# the initramfs.  Therefore, copy the file from the initramfs and bind
+# mount the copy.
+
+mount -o remount,exec /run
+cp $initramfs/lib/samizdat/init.shutdown /run/ && mount --bind /run/init.shutdown /sbin/init || panic
+
+echo $cmd -f > $initramfs/halt
+$initramfs/telinit u
diff --git a/old-school/init b/old-school/init
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3b62c0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/init
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+PATH=$PATH:/usr/lib/klibc/bin
+#if [ $$ = 1 ]; then
+#  "$0" "$@"
+#  exec sh -i
+#fi
+. init.functions
+warnings=y
+
+debug_log init
+mountvirt
+klogd -c1 # no kernel messages
+
+mkdir -p "$LOGBASE"
+sh -c "syslogd -O '$LOGBASE'/"'syslogd.$$.log';
+if [ "$DEBUG" != y ]; then
+  echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/printk
+fi
+
+makedev
+loadenv
+
+if [ -x /bin/kmod ]; then
+  ln -sf /bin/kmod /bin/depmod
+  /bin/depmod -a
+else
+  depmod -a
+fi
+
+PS1='[$$ \w]# ' my_openvt 8 -- sh -i
+
+mkfifo "$MENUFIFO" || panic "mkfifo '$MENUFIFO' failed"
+bootmenu
+mkdir -p /etc/udev/rules.d
+cat <<END >/etc/udev/rules.d/z00_blockdev_mountroot.rules
+ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="block", RUN+="/bin/grok-block \$env{DEVNAME}"
+END
+
+start_udev
+mountunionroot
+
+bootwait rw-overlay
+# killeverything
+# nuke /dev/.udev/queue/
+stop_udev
+insertoverlay
+
+movemounts
+gpg_agent_chroot
+patchroot
+clear >/dev/tty1
+chvt 1
+[ -e /do-delay-boot ] && bootwait 'launch-init-ready'
+launch_init "$@"
+
+# unreachable since launch_init will panic on failure
+panic 'inconceivable!'
+exec >/dev/tty1 2>&1 <&1
+reset
+exec sh -i
diff --git a/old-school/init.functions b/old-school/init.functions
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b5027b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/init.functions
@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+. common.sh
+mountvirt()
+{
+  # TODO: simply put these dirs on the initrd itself
+  mkdir -m 0755 -p /dev /sys /proc /tmp /var /run
+  mkdir -m 0700 -p /root
+
+  mount -t sysfs -o nodev,noexec,nosuid none /sys 
+  mount -t proc  -o nodev,noexec,nosuid none /proc 
+  tmpfs_size="10M"
+# [ -f /etc/udev/udev.conf ] && . /etc/udev/udev.conf
+  mount -t tmpfs -o size=$tmpfs_size,mode=0755 udev /dev
+  mount -t tmpfs -o size=64M,mode=0755 run /run
+  mkdir -m 0755 /dev/pts /run/lock
+  mount -t devpts devpts /dev/pts
+  ln -s /run /run/lock /var/
+}
+makedev()
+{
+  # TODO: simply put these nodes on the initrd itself
+  mkdir -m 0755 -p /dev
+  mknod /dev/null    c 1 3
+  mknod /dev/zero    c 1 5
+  mknod /dev/tty     c 5 0
+  if [ "$FUCK_devconsole" ]; then # FUCK /dev/console
+    mknod /dev/console c 4 1 # tty1 is console; a saner alternative (TODO: fix shutdown to chvt)
+  else
+    mknod /dev/console c 5 1
+  fi
+  for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8; do
+    mknod /dev/tty${i} c 4 ${i}
+  done
+  # TODO: wait for udev?  pft.
+  for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7; do
+    mknod /dev/loop${i} b 7 ${i}
+  done
+}
+loadenv()
+{
+  # TODO: filter the wheat from the chaff here; most of this is unused.
+  # TODO: implement the various boot args
+
+  # Load config files
+# export DPKG_ARCH=
+# . /conf/arch.conf
+# export ROOT=
+# . /conf/initramfs.conf
+# for conf in conf/conf.d/*; do
+#   [ -f ${conf} ] && . ${conf}
+# done
+  # Make modprobe quiet
+  export MODPROBE_OPTIONS="-qb"
+  # Export constants
+  export rootmnt=/root
+  # Export bootparam variables
+  export init=/sbin/init
+  export readonly=y
+  export blacklist=
+
+  # Parse command line options
+  for x in $(cat /proc/cmdline); do
+    case $x in
+      init=*) init=${x#init=} ;;
+      root=*)
+        ROOT=${x#root=}
+        case $ROOT in
+          LABEL=*) ROOT="/dev/disk/by-label/${ROOT#LABEL=}" ;;
+          UUID=*) ROOT="/dev/disk/by-uuid/${ROOT#UUID=}" ;;
+          /dev/nfs) [ -z "${BOOT}" ] && BOOT=nfs ;;
+        esac
+      ;;
+      rootflags=*) ROOTFLAGS="-o ${x#rootflags=}" ;;
+      rootfstype=*) ROOTFSTYPE="${x#rootfstype=}" ;;
+      ro) readonly=y ;;
+      rw) readonly=n ;;
+
+      nfsroot=*) NFSROOT="${x#nfsroot=}" ;;
+      ip=*) IPOPTS="${x#ip=}" ;;
+      boot=*) BOOT=${x#boot=} ;;
+
+      resume=*) RESUME="${x#resume=}" ;;
+      noresume) noresume=y ;;
+      blacklist=*) blacklist=${x#blacklist=} ;;
+
+      hostname=*)
+        hostname=${x#hostname=}
+        hostname "$hostname"
+      ;;
+      bootcd_device=*) bootcd_device=${x#bootcd_device=}
+        mkdir -p /cdrom &&
+        mount -r -t hostfs -o "${bootcd_device#hostfs=}" hostfs /cdrom &&
+        bootdone samizdat-cdrom
+      ;;
+      overlay_device=*) overlay_device=${x#overlay_device=}
+        mkdir -p /overlay &&
+        mount -t hostfs -o "${overlay_device#hostfs=}" hostfs /overlay &&
+        bootdone rw-overlay
+      ;;
+      uml_modules=*) uml_modules=${x#uml_modules=}
+        mount -t hostfs -o "${uml_modules#hostfs=}" hostfs /lib/modules ;;
+    esac
+  done
+
+  if [ -z "${noresume}" ]; then
+    export resume=${RESUME}
+  else
+    export noresume
+  fi
+}
+mountunionroot()
+{
+  bootwait samizdat-cdrom squashfs-root
+
+  ufs=
+  if grep -q aufs /proc/filesystems || modprobe aufs; then
+    ufs=aufs
+  elif grep -q unionfs /proc/filesystems || modprobe unionfs; then
+    ufs=unionfs
+  fi
+
+  case $ufs in
+    unionfs) ro=ro;;
+    aufs) ro=rr;;
+    *) panic "mountunionroot: unionfs module not found";;
+  esac
+
+  dirs=;
+  if [ -f /squashes/filesystem.module ]; then
+    while read img; do
+      d=/squashes/"${img%.squashfs}" 
+      mountpoint -q /squashes/"${img%.squashfs}" || continue;
+      dirs="$d=$ro${dirs:+:$dirs}"
+    done < /squashes/filesystem.module
+  else
+    for d in /squashes/*; do
+      mountpoint -q "$d" || continue
+      dirs="$d=$ro${dirs:+:$dirs}"
+    done
+  fi
+  [ -n "$dirs" ] ||
+    panic "no squashes.  missing/broken images on cdrom?"
+
+  if true; then
+#   overlay_tmp=$(mktemp -d /overlay.XXXXXX) &&
+    overlay_tmp=/overlay.$$ && mkdir -p $overlay_tmp &&
+    mount -t tmpfs tmpfs $overlay_tmp &&
+    touch $overlay_tmp/samizdat-filesystem-is-new
+    dirs="$overlay_tmp:$dirs" ||
+    { rmdir $overlay_tmp;
+      panic "mountunionroot: failure creating tmpfs overlay"; }
+  fi
+
+  mount -t $ufs -o rw,dirs="$dirs" $ufs "$rootmnt" ||
+    panic "mountunionroot: $ufs: mount (dirs=$dirs): error: $?"
+}
+insertoverlay() # TODO: copy-up and umount tmpfs.  MASSIVELY IMPORTANT!
+{
+  if ! mountpoint -q /overlay; then
+    # rw-overlay was signalled without a mount on /overlay
+    # thus, boot with the current tmpfs overlay
+    mkdir -p /overlay
+    mount -o move $overlay_tmp /overlay
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  ufs=$(sed -ne 's?^[^ ]* '"$rootmnt"' \(unionfs\|aufs\) .*?\1?p' /proc/mounts)
+
+  case $ufs in
+    unionfs)
+      panic 'insertoverlay: TODO: implement unionfs support'
+
+      mount -o remount,rw,add=/overlay "$rootmnt" ||
+      panic "insertoverlay: remount unionfs (add=/overlay): error: $?"
+
+      #mount -o remount,del=$overlay_tmp && # NO, WRONG, COPY-UP FIRST
+      #umount $overlay_tmp && rmdir $overlay_tmp
+      ;;
+    aufs)
+      mount -o remount,rw,prepend:/overlay=rw "$rootmnt" ||
+        panic "insertoverlay: remount aufs (prepend:/overlay=rw): error: $?"
+
+      mount -o remount,mod:"$overlay_tmp"=ro+wh "$rootmnt" ||
+        panic "insertoverlay: couldn't set aufs branch read-only: $overlay_tmp"
+
+      # copy everything the user reads (not just writes) to the overlay
+      # (this is appropriate for CD-ROM but not testing.  TODO: enable)
+      #mount -o remount,coo=all "$rootmnt"
+
+      mkdir -p "$rootmnt"/xino && mount -o move "$overlay_tmp" "$rootmnt"/xino ||
+        panic "insertoverlay: couldn't move mount $overlay_tmp to $rootmnt/xino"
+      ;;
+    *) panic "insertoverlay: unrecognized filesystem ($ufs)";;
+  esac
+
+  bootdone root-mounted
+}
+AppendIfNoSuchLine()
+{
+  local filename="$1"
+  shift
+  if grep -vqF "$1" < "$filename"; then 
+    printf '%s\n' "$@" >> "$filename"
+  fi
+}
+gpg_agent_chroot()
+{
+  chroot "$rootmnt" sh -c \
+    'export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH;
+     killall gpg-agent;
+     samizdat-gpg-agent;
+     killall -USR2 samizdat-pinentry;'
+}
+remove_squashfs_mistakes()
+{
+  # Workaround for bad samizdat-generated upstream squashfs:
+  rm -f "$rootmnt"/etc/ipsec.conf
+  rm -rf "$rootmnt"/etc/samizdat/samizdat-receive-hooks
+  rm -f "$rootmnt"/etc/adjtime
+}
+patchroot()
+{
+  test -e "$rootmnt"/samizdat-filesystem-is-new || return
+  echo Patching livecd root -- $(date) >> /dev/tty7
+  rm -f /dev/console; mknod /dev/console c 4 1
+
+  remove_squashfs_mistakes
+
+  if [ -e /etc/adjtime -a ! -e "$rootmnt"/etc/adjtime ]; then
+    cp /etc/adjtime "$rootmnt"/etc/adjtime
+  fi
+
+  if [ -f "$rootmnt"/cdrom/samizdat/skel.tgz ]; then
+    chroot "$rootmnt" bin/tar -C / --no-same-owner -zxf /cdrom/samizdat/skel.tgz
+  fi
+  chroot "$rootmnt" hostname -F /etc/hostname
+
+  chroot "$rootmnt" update-rc.d samizdat-pids start 15 S
+
+  # We need debian-tor user so that hidden service directory can have the right owner
+  chroot "$rootmnt" adduser --quiet --system --disabled-password  --home /var/lib/tor \
+                --no-create-home --shell /bin/bash  --group  debian-tor
+
+  # TODO: check errors here
+  chroot "$rootmnt" sh -c \
+    'export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:"$PATH" GNUPGHOME=/gpg/gnupghome verbose=1;
+     samizdat-receive -v < /cdrom/samizdat/secrets.mime && samizdat-receive -v < /cdrom/samizdat/public.mime'
+
+  for diversion in /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools /etc/init.d/live-boot /sbin/halt; do
+    chroot "$rootmnt" dpkg-divert --rename --package samizdat --add "$diversion"
+  done
+  cp /bin/halt.montecarlo "$rootmnt"/sbin/halt
+
+  if ! [ -f "$rootmnt"/var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-"$(uname -r)".list ]; then
+    chroot "$rootmnt" sh -c \
+      'dpkg --fsys-tarfile /cdrom/samizdat/debs/linux-image-$(uname -r)_*.deb | tar -C / -x; depmod -a'
+  fi
+
+  # disable some of GRML's many consoles.
+# sed -i -e 's/^\([3456789]\|1[012]\):/#\1:/' "$rootmnt"/etc/inittab
+# sed -i -e 's/^NUM_CONSOLES=12/NUM_CONSOLES=0/' "$rootmnt"/usr/bin/zsh-login
+
+  # these GRML scripts implement a "sendsigs" which does not respect omit.d
+  sed -i -e 's/^\(l0:.*\)grml-halt$/\1rc 0/' "$rootmnt"/etc/inittab
+  sed -i -e 's/^\(l6:.*\)grml-reboot$/\1rc 6/' "$rootmnt"/etc/inittab
+  chroot "$rootmnt" update-rc.d sendsigs stop 20 0 6
+
+  echo Done patching livecd root -- $(date) >>/dev/tty7
+  rm "$rootmnt"/samizdat-filesystem-is-new
+}
+movemounts()
+{
+  # Move mounted filesystems to the root filesystem
+  while read dev mp rest; do
+    case "$mp" in
+      "$rootmnt"|"$rootmnt"/*|/|/proc|/dev|/dev/pts|/sys) continue ;;
+      /mnt.samizdat.*)
+        #umount -l "$mp"
+        target="$rootmnt/media/${dev##*/}"
+      ;;
+      /overlay.*) umount -l $mp; continue ;;
+      *) target="$rootmnt$mp" ;;
+    esac
+    mkdir -p "$target"
+    mount -n -o move "$mp" "$target"
+  done </proc/mounts
+  mount --rbind /dev "$rootmnt"/dev
+  mount --bind /proc "$rootmnt"/proc
+  ln -sf /proc/mounts "$rootmnt"/etc/mtab
+}
+launch_init()
+{
+  # bad init= command line?
+  if [ ! -x "$rootmnt$init" ]; then
+    panic "init does not exist or is not executable (init=$init)"
+  fi
+  ln -sf /proc/mounts "$rootmnt"/etc/mtab
+  export CONSOLE=/dev/tty1
+  exec chroot "$rootmnt" "$init" "$@" <"$rootmnt$CONSOLE" >"$rootmnt$CONSOLE" 2>&1
+  panic "exec init failed (init=$init)"
+# exec run-init -c "$CONSOLE" "$rootmnt" "$init" "$@"
+# panic "exec run-init failed (init=$init)"
+}
+start_udev()
+{
+  echo > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
+  mkdir -p /dev/.udev/db/ /dev/.udev/queue/
+# mkdir -p "$LOGBASE"; sh -c "udevd --resolve-names=never --debug >$LOGBASE/udevd."'$$'".log 2>&1" &
+  udevd --resolve-names=never --daemon
+  udevadm trigger --action=add
+# udevadm settle
+}
+stop_udev()
+{
+  for proc in /proc/[0-9]*; do
+    [ -x $proc/exe ] || continue
+    [ "$(readlink $proc/exe)" = /sbin/udevd ] && kill ${proc#/proc/}
+  done
+  # ignore any failed event because the init script will trigger again all events
+  nuke /dev/.udev/queue/
+}
+killeverything()
+{
+  # TODO: exempt: interactive shell(s) (AND CHILDREN) (or: anything with
+  # a tty?), samizdat-agent, fsck(!!), ...?
+
+# exempt_cmdline="$(printf "sh\0-i\0")"
+  force=
+  while true; do
+    killme=
+    for proc in /proc/[0-9]*; do
+      [ $proc != /proc/1 -a $proc != /proc/$$ -a -x $proc/exe ] || continue
+#     [ "$(cat $proc/cmdline)" != "$exempt_cmdline" ] || continue
+      read pid tcomm state ppid pgrp sid tty_nr tty_pgrp rest < $proc/stat
+      [ $tty_nr = 0 ] || continue
+      killme="$killme ${proc#/proc/}"
+    done
+    if [ -n "$killme" ]; then
+      kill $force $killme
+    else
+      break
+    fi
+    force=-KILL
+  done
+}
diff --git a/old-school/init.shutdown b/old-school/init.shutdown
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6bfce84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/init.shutdown
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+read omitpids < /run/sendsigs.omit.d/samizdat
+for pid in $omitpids; do
+  if [ -e /proc/$pid/root ]; then
+    initroot=/proc/$pid/root
+    break
+  fi
+done
+
+warn() { echo "$*" >/dev/console; }
+error() { umount /sbin/init; exec /sbin/init; }
+
+[ -e "$initroot" ] || error
+
+if [ $$ != 1 ]; then
+  exec $initroot/init "$@"
+else
+  set --
+  for pid in $omitpids; do
+    set -- "$@" -o $pid
+  done
+  if killall5 -15 "$@"; then
+    sleep 5
+    killall5 -9 "$@"
+  fi
+  exec <$initroot/dev/console >$initroot/dev/console 2>$initroot/dev/console
+  exec chroot $initroot umountall.sh
+
+  error
+fi
diff --git a/old-school/lvm-create.sh b/old-school/lvm-create.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22016f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/lvm-create.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+: ${ROOT_MKFS_CMD:=mkfs.ext4 -q}
+: ${ROOT_FS_TYPE:=ext4}
+
+losetup() { /sbin/losetup "$@"; }
+
+lvm()
+{
+  # get rid of warnings from lvm because we are holding open these fds
+  command lvm "$@" 3>&- 4>&-
+}
+
+luks_secret()
+{
+  local parms=$-; # this junk keeps set -x from being too annoying
+  set +x
+  [ -n "$luks_secret" ] || luks_secret="$(head -c256 /dev/urandom)"
+  printf %s "$luks_secret"
+  case $parms in *x*) set -x; set -x ;; esac
+}
+
+mount_squashfs_images()
+{
+  modprobe squashfs
+  find_squashfs_root | while read dirname basename; do
+    [ -n "$dirname" -a -n "$basename" ] || continue
+    local f="$dirname/$basename"
+    [ -f "$f" ] || return
+    local name=${basename%.squashfs}
+    mkdir -p /squashes/$name
+    mount -r -o loop "$f" /squashes/$name
+  done
+  bootdone squashfs-root
+}
+
+lv_exists()
+{
+  [ -n "$1" ] && lvm lvs "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1
+}
+
+floor4()
+{
+  # Negatives round up, but aren't used.
+  echo $(($1 / 4 * 4))
+}
+
+ceil4()
+{
+  local x="$1"
+  [ $((x % 4)) -eq 0 ] || x=$((x + 4 - x % 4))
+  printf '%d\n' "$x"
+}
+
+vgfree_megs()
+{
+  local vg="$1" out
+  out=$(lvm vgs -o pv_free --noheadings --nosuffix --units m "$vg") || return
+  echo ${out%.*}
+}
+
+init_samizdat_lvs()
+{
+  local megs_free cdrom_dev cdrom_sectors cdrom_megs root_megs
+  megs_free=$(vgfree_megs samizdat) || return
+  cdrom_dev="$(mountpoint_to_dev /cdrom)" || return
+  cdrom_sectors=$(blockdev --getsz "$cdrom_dev") || return
+  cdrom_megs=$(ceil4 $(( cdrom_sectors / 2048 )))
+  root_megs=$(floor4 $(( megs_free - cdrom_megs )))
+
+  if [ $root_megs -le 0 ]; then # No room for cdrom mirror.  Oh well, charge forward.
+    root_megs=$megs_free
+  fi
+
+  lvm lvcreate -Z n -L ${root_megs}m -n root samizdat || return
+  $ROOT_MKFS_CMD /dev/mapper/samizdat-root || return
+}
+
+mount_aufs_branches()
+{
+  local new="$1"
+
+  mkdir /overlay
+  mount -t${ROOT_FS_TYPE} /dev/mapper/samizdat-root /overlay || return
+
+  if [ "$new" ]; then
+    cp -a /gpg /overlay || return
+    touch /overlay/samizdat-filesystem-is-new
+  fi
+  bootdone rw-overlay
+  mirror_cdrom || return
+  mount_squashfs_images || return
+}
+
+init_samizdat()
+{
+  local imgfile="$1" megs="$2" keyfile="$3" dev
+
+  init_samizdat_vg "$imgfile" "$megs" "$keyfile" || return
+  init_samizdat_lvs || return
+
+  mount_aufs_branches new
+}
+
+open_samizdat()
+{
+  open_samizdat_vg "$@" || return
+
+  lvs=$(lvm lvs --separator / samizdat -o vg_name,lv_name --noheadings) || return
+  lvm lvchange -ay $lvs || return
+
+  mount_aufs_branches
+}
+
+init_samizdat_lodev()
+{
+  local imgfile="$1" megs=$(ceil4 "$2")
+  truncate -s ${megs}M "$imgfile" || return
+  dev=$(losetup -f) && losetup "$dev" "$imgfile" || return
+  echo "$dev"
+}
+
+open_samizdat_vg()
+{
+  local imgfile="$1" keyfile="$2" dev
+  local cryptname=samizdatcrypt
+  dev=$(losetup -f) && losetup "$dev" "$imgfile" || return
+
+  gpg2 --verify "$keyfile" || return
+  # The first --decrypt merely strips the signature.  The option is
+  # poorly named for that case.
+  gpg2 --decrypt "$keyfile" | gpg2 --decrypt | cryptsetup --key-file - luksOpen "$dev" "$cryptname" || return
+
+  [ -b /dev/mapper/"$cryptname" ] || return
+
+}
+
+init_samizdat_vg()
+{
+  local imgfile="$1" megs="$2" keyfile="$3" dev
+  local cryptname=samizdatcrypt
+
+  dev=$(init_samizdat_lodev "$imgfile" "$megs") || return
+
+  [ ! -b /dev/mapper/"$cryptname" ] || return
+
+  luks_secret >/dev/null
+  luks_secret | gpg2 --default-recipient-self --encrypt --armor | gpg2 --clearsign --output "$keyfile" || return
+
+  luks_secret | cryptsetup luksFormat "$dev" - || return
+  cryptsetup luksDump "$dev" >&2
+  luks_secret | cryptsetup --key-file - luksOpen "$dev" "$cryptname" || return
+
+  [ -b /dev/mapper/"$cryptname" ] || return
+
+  lvm pvcreate /dev/mapper/"$cryptname" || return
+  lvm vgcreate samizdat /dev/mapper/"$cryptname"
+}
+
+grow_samizdat_vg_free()
+{
+  # Grow the samizdat VG sufficiently to ensure it has at least $want_free_megs free.
+
+  local want_free_megs=$(ceil4 "$1") free_megs
+  free_megs=$(vgfree_megs samizdat) || return
+
+  if [ "$free_megs" -lt "$want_free_megs" ]; then
+    grow_samizdat_vg $((want_free_megs - free_megs)) || return
+  fi
+}
+
+majmin()
+{
+  local dev="$1" major minor
+  eval $(stat -c 'major=%t minor=%T' "$dev") || return
+  [ "$major" -a "$minor" ] || return
+  printf '%d:%d\n' 0x$major 0x$minor
+}
+
+vg_to_pv()
+{
+  lvm vgs "$1" -o devices --noheadings |
+  (
+    found= multidev=
+    while read dev; do
+      dev=${dev%(*}
+      if [ "$found" -a "$found" != "$dev" ]; then
+        exit 1
+      fi
+      found=$dev
+    done
+    readlink -f "$found"
+  )
+}
+
+cryptdev_to_dev()
+{
+  local dev="$1" majmin
+  majmin=$(majmin "$dev") || return
+  set -- /sys/dev/block/$majmin/slaves/*
+  [ $# = 1 ] || return
+
+  cryptsetup status "$dev" |while read k v; do if [ "$k" = device: ]; then echo $v; break; fi; done
+}
+
+cryptdev_to_backing_file()
+{
+  local dev="$1" majmin result
+  majmin="$(majmin "$dev")" || return
+  set -- /sys/dev/block/$majmin/slaves/*
+  [ $# = 1 ] || return
+  read result < "$1"/loop/backing_file || return
+  printf '%s\n' "$result"
+}
+
+samizdat_backing_file()
+{
+  local pv
+  pv=$(vg_to_pv samizdat) && [ "$pv" ] || return
+  cryptdev_to_backing_file "$pv"
+}
+
+grow_samizdat_lv()
+{
+  # Increase the size of the specified LV by $megs MB, creating the LV and resizing the VG as necessary.
+
+  local lv_name="$1" megs="$2" stat imgfile freemegs
+  imgfile=$(samizdat_backing_file) || return
+
+  if lv_exists samizdat/"$lv_name"; then
+    grow_samizdat_vg_free "$megs" || return
+    lvm lvresize -r -L +${megs}m samizdat/"$lv_name" || return
+  else
+    grow_samizdat_vg_free "$megs" || return
+    lvm lvcreate -Z n -L ${megs}m -n "$lv_name" samizdat || return
+  fi
+}
+
+lodev_to_file()
+{
+  local result majmin dev="$1"
+  majmin="$(majmin "$dev")" || return
+  read result < /sys/dev/block/$majmin/loop/backing_file || return
+  printf '%s' "$result"
+}
+
+grow_samizdat_vg()
+{
+  # Increase the size of the samizdat VG by $megs MB, resizing the backing file as necessary.
+
+  local megs="$1" cryptdev dev imgfile stat
+  cryptdev=$(vg_to_pv samizdat)
+  dev=$(cryptdev_to_dev "$cryptdev") || return
+  [ -b "$dev" ] || return
+
+  if [ "$(stat -c '%t' "$dev")" = 7 ]; then # this is a loop device
+
+    imgfile=$(lodev_to_file "$dev") || return
+    stat="$(stat -c 'local du=$((%B*%b)) sz=%s' "$imgfile")" || return
+    eval "$stat"
+    stat=$(stat -f -c 'local df=$((%f*%S))' "$imgfile") || return
+    eval "$stat"
+
+    local min_free_space=30
+    if [ $(( df - megs*1024*1024 - sz + du )) -le $((min_free_space * 1024 * 1024)) ]; then
+      echo 'grow_samizdat_vg: Not enough disk space!' >&2
+      return -1
+    fi
+
+    truncate -cs +${megs}M "$imgfile" || return
+    losetup -c "$dev" || return
+    cryptsetup resize "$cryptdev" || return
+    lvm pvresize "$cryptdev" || return
+
+  else
+    echo 'grow_samizdat_vg: Unimplemented!' >&2
+    return 1
+
+  fi
+}
+
+mountpoint_to_dev()
+{
+  local wantmp="$1" dev mp rest
+  mountpoint -q "$wantmp" || return
+  while read dev mp rest; do if [ "$mp" = "$wantmp" ]; then echo "$dev"; return; fi; done < /proc/mounts
+  return 1
+}
+
+get_cdrom_sizelimit()
+{
+  # returns bytes
+  local dev="$1" sectors
+  sectors=$(blockdev --getsz "$dev") || return
+  if dd count=2 if="$dev" bs=2048 skip=$((sectors/4 - 2)) of=/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
+    return
+  else
+    echo $(((sectors-8)*512))
+  fi
+}
+
+mirror_cdrom()
+{
+  local md_num=55 dev mp rest cdrom_dev sectors
+  cdrom_dev="$(mountpoint_to_dev /cdrom)" || return
+
+  local lv_name=samizdat/cdrom
+  local lv_dev=/dev/mapper/samizdat-cdrom
+  local md_name=/dev/md$md_num
+
+  if [ -b $md_name ]; then
+    echo "RAID device already exists: '$md_name'; try removing (mdadm -S $md_name) and retry" >&2
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if lv_exists $lv_name.tmp; then
+    lvm lvchange --available n $lv_name.tmp && lvm lvremove $lv_name.tmp || return
+  fi
+
+  if lv_exists $lv_name; then
+    umount /cdrom || return
+    mount -r "$lv_dev" /cdrom
+    return
+  fi
+
+  umount /cdrom || return
+
+  sectors=$(blockdev --getsz "$cdrom_dev") || return
+  grow_samizdat_lv ${lv_name#samizdat/}.tmp $((sectors / 2 / 1024 + 1)) || return
+
+  # In order to trick mdadm into accepting a read-only device, we need
+  # to create a (read-write) loopback device.
+
+  # Furthermore, in order to deal with block device errors caused by
+  # TAO "run-out blocks" we may need to discard the last two 2048-byte
+  # sectors.
+
+  local cdrom_loopdev sizelimit
+  cdrom_loopdev=$(losetup -f) || return
+  sizelimit=$(get_cdrom_sizelimit "$cdrom_dev")
+
+  # Apparently loopdev sizelimit is not respected by linux md.  Nor
+  # blockdev --getsz.  Does it even work?  Anyway, although this is used
+  # here redundantly, 'mdadm --size' is used as well.
+  /sbin/losetup ${sizelimit:+--sizelimit=$sizelimit} "$cdrom_loopdev" "$cdrom_dev" || return
+
+  mdadm --build $md_name ${sizelimit:+--size=$((sizelimit / 1024))} \
+    --level=1 --raid-devices=1 --force --write-mostly "$cdrom_loopdev" || return
+  mdadm -D $md_name >&2
+  mdadm --add $md_name $lv_dev.tmp
+  mdadm -D $md_name >&2
+  mdadm --grow $md_name -n 2
+  mdadm -D $md_name >&2
+
+  mount -r $md_name /cdrom || { mount -r "$cdrom_dev" /cdrom; return 1; }
+
+  chpst -P samizdat-cdrom-copy "$md_name" "$lv_name" "$lv_dev" "$cdrom_loopdev" "$cdrom_dev" &
+  echo "[$$] Launched RAID monitor with pid $!." >&2
+}
+
+init_gpg()
+{
+  bootwait samizdat-cdrom
+  export GNUPGHOME=/gpg/gnupghome
+  (umask 077; rsync --exclude '/luks-key*' --ignore-existing -rpP /cdrom/samizdat/gpg/ /gpg/)
+
+  if samizdat-password-agent >/var/log/samizdat-password-agent.log 2>&1; then
+    clear
+    true
+  else
+    false
+  fi
+}
+
+start_meter()
+{
+  local startmsg="$*"
+  (exec >&4
+  clear
+  echo -n $startmsg
+  set +x
+  while sleep 2; do
+    echo -n .
+  done) &
+  meterpid=$!
+}
+
+stop_meter()
+{
+  local endmsg="$*"
+  kill $meterpid
+  echo "  $endmsg" >&4
+}
+
diff --git a/old-school/lvm.conf b/old-school/lvm.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c1289f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/lvm.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,773 @@
+# This is an example configuration file for the LVM2 system.
+# It contains the default settings that would be used if there was no
+# /etc/lvm/lvm.conf file.
+#
+# Refer to 'man lvm.conf' for further information including the file layout.
+#
+# To put this file in a different directory and override /etc/lvm set
+# the environment variable LVM_SYSTEM_DIR before running the tools.
+#
+# N.B. Take care that each setting only appears once if uncommenting
+# example settings in this file.
+
+
+# This section allows you to configure which block devices should
+# be used by the LVM system.
+devices {
+
+    # Where do you want your volume groups to appear ?
+    dir = "/dev"
+
+    # An array of directories that contain the device nodes you wish
+    # to use with LVM2.
+    scan = [ "/dev" ]
+
+    # If set, the cache of block device nodes with all associated symlinks
+    # will be constructed out of the existing udev database content.
+    # This avoids using and opening any inapplicable non-block devices or
+    # subdirectories found in the device directory. This setting is applied
+    # to udev-managed device directory only, other directories will be scanned
+    # fully. LVM2 needs to be compiled with udev support for this setting to
+    # take effect. N.B. Any device node or symlink not managed by udev in
+    # udev directory will be ignored with this setting on.
+    obtain_device_list_from_udev = 1
+
+    # If several entries in the scanned directories correspond to the
+    # same block device and the tools need to display a name for device,
+    # all the pathnames are matched against each item in the following
+    # list of regular expressions in turn and the first match is used.
+    preferred_names = [ ]
+
+    # Try to avoid using undescriptive /dev/dm-N names, if present.
+    # preferred_names = [ "^/dev/mpath/", "^/dev/mapper/mpath", "^/dev/[hs]d" ]
+
+    # A filter that tells LVM2 to only use a restricted set of devices.
+    # The filter consists of an array of regular expressions.  These
+    # expressions can be delimited by a character of your choice, and
+    # prefixed with either an 'a' (for accept) or 'r' (for reject).
+    # The first expression found to match a device name determines if
+    # the device will be accepted or rejected (ignored).  Devices that
+    # don't match any patterns are accepted.
+
+    # Be careful if there there are symbolic links or multiple filesystem 
+    # entries for the same device as each name is checked separately against
+    # the list of patterns.  The effect is that if the first pattern in the 
+    # list to match a name is an 'a' pattern for any of the names, the device
+    # is accepted; otherwise if the first pattern in the list to match a name
+    # is an 'r' pattern for any of the names it is rejected; otherwise it is
+    # accepted.
+
+    # Don't have more than one filter line active at once: only one gets used.
+
+    # Run vgscan after you change this parameter to ensure that
+    # the cache file gets regenerated (see below).
+    # If it doesn't do what you expect, check the output of 'vgscan -vvvv'.
+
+
+    # By default we accept every block device:
+    filter = [ "a/.*/" ]
+
+    # Exclude the cdrom drive
+    # filter = [ "r|/dev/cdrom|" ]
+
+    # When testing I like to work with just loopback devices:
+    # filter = [ "a/loop/", "r/.*/" ]
+
+    # Or maybe all loops and ide drives except hdc:
+    # filter =[ "a|loop|", "r|/dev/hdc|", "a|/dev/ide|", "r|.*|" ]
+
+    # Use anchors if you want to be really specific
+    # filter = [ "a|^/dev/hda8$|", "r/.*/" ]
+
+    # The results of the filtering are cached on disk to avoid
+    # rescanning dud devices (which can take a very long time).
+    # By default this cache is stored in the /etc/lvm/cache directory
+    # in a file called '.cache'.
+    # It is safe to delete the contents: the tools regenerate it.
+    # (The old setting 'cache' is still respected if neither of
+    # these new ones is present.)
+    cache_dir = "/run/lvm"
+    cache_file_prefix = ""
+
+    # You can turn off writing this cache file by setting this to 0.
+    write_cache_state = 1
+
+    # Advanced settings.
+
+    # List of pairs of additional acceptable block device types found 
+    # in /proc/devices with maximum (non-zero) number of partitions.
+    # types = [ "fd", 16 ]
+
+    # If sysfs is mounted (2.6 kernels) restrict device scanning to 
+    # the block devices it believes are valid.
+    # 1 enables; 0 disables.
+    sysfs_scan = 1
+
+    # By default, LVM2 will ignore devices used as component paths
+    # of device-mapper multipath devices.
+    # 1 enables; 0 disables.
+    multipath_component_detection = 1
+
+    # By default, LVM2 will ignore devices used as components of
+    # software RAID (md) devices by looking for md superblocks.
+    # 1 enables; 0 disables.
+    md_component_detection = 1
+
+    # By default, if a PV is placed directly upon an md device, LVM2
+    # will align its data blocks with the md device's stripe-width.
+    # 1 enables; 0 disables.
+    md_chunk_alignment = 1
+
+    # Default alignment of the start of a data area in MB.  If set to 0,
+    # a value of 64KB will be used.  Set to 1 for 1MiB, 2 for 2MiB, etc.
+    # default_data_alignment = 1
+
+    # By default, the start of a PV's data area will be a multiple of
+    # the 'minimum_io_size' or 'optimal_io_size' exposed in sysfs.
+    # - minimum_io_size - the smallest request the device can perform
+    #   w/o incurring a read-modify-write penalty (e.g. MD's chunk size)
+    # - optimal_io_size - the device's preferred unit of receiving I/O
+    #   (e.g. MD's stripe width)
+    # minimum_io_size is used if optimal_io_size is undefined (0).
+    # If md_chunk_alignment is enabled, that detects the optimal_io_size.
+    # This setting takes precedence over md_chunk_alignment.
+    # 1 enables; 0 disables.
+    data_alignment_detection = 1
+
+    # Alignment (in KB) of start of data area when creating a new PV.
+    # md_chunk_alignment and data_alignment_detection are disabled if set.
+    # Set to 0 for the default alignment (see: data_alignment_default)
+    # or page size, if larger.
+    data_alignment = 0
+
+    # By default, the start of the PV's aligned data area will be shifted by
+    # the 'alignment_offset' exposed in sysfs.  This offset is often 0 but
+    # may be non-zero; e.g.: certain 4KB sector drives that compensate for
+    # windows partitioning will have an alignment_offset of 3584 bytes
+    # (sector 7 is the lowest aligned logical block, the 4KB sectors start
+    # at LBA -1, and consequently sector 63 is aligned on a 4KB boundary).
+    # But note that pvcreate --dataalignmentoffset will skip this detection.
+    # 1 enables; 0 disables.
+    data_alignment_offset_detection = 1
+
+    # If, while scanning the system for PVs, LVM2 encounters a device-mapper
+    # device that has its I/O suspended, it waits for it to become accessible.
+    # Set this to 1 to skip such devices.  This should only be needed
+    # in recovery situations.
+    ignore_suspended_devices = 0
+
+    # During each LVM operation errors received from each device are counted.
+    # If the counter of a particular device exceeds the limit set here, no
+    # further I/O is sent to that device for the remainder of the respective
+    # operation. Setting the parameter to 0 disables the counters altogether.
+    disable_after_error_count = 0
+
+    # Allow use of pvcreate --uuid without requiring --restorefile.
+    require_restorefile_with_uuid = 1
+
+    # Minimum size (in KB) of block devices which can be used as PVs.
+    # In a clustered environment all nodes must use the same value.
+    # Any value smaller than 512KB is ignored.
+
+    # Ignore devices smaller than 2MB such as floppy drives.
+    pv_min_size = 2048
+
+    # The original built-in setting was 512 up to and including version 2.02.84.
+    # pv_min_size = 512
+
+    # Issue discards to a logical volumes's underlying physical volume(s) when
+    # the logical volume is no longer using the physical volumes' space (e.g.
+    # lvremove, lvreduce, etc).  Discards inform the storage that a region is
+    # no longer in use.  Storage that supports discards advertise the protocol
+    # specific way discards should be issued by the kernel (TRIM, UNMAP, or
+    # WRITE SAME with UNMAP bit set).  Not all storage will support or benefit
+    # from discards but SSDs and thinly provisioned LUNs generally do.  If set
+    # to 1, discards will only be issued if both the storage and kernel provide
+    # support.
+    # 1 enables; 0 disables.
+    issue_discards = 0
+}
+
+# This section allows you to configure the way in which LVM selects
+# free space for its Logical Volumes.
+#allocation {
+#    When searching for free space to extend an LV, the "cling"
+#    allocation policy will choose space on the same PVs as the last
+#    segment of the existing LV.  If there is insufficient space and a
+#    list of tags is defined here, it will check whether any of them are
+#    attached to the PVs concerned and then seek to match those PV tags
+#    between existing extents and new extents.
+#    Use the special tag "@*" as a wildcard to match any PV tag.
+#    
+#    Example: LVs are mirrored between two sites within a single VG.
+#    PVs are tagged with either @site1 or @site2 to indicate where
+#    they are situated.
+#
+#    cling_tag_list = [ "@site1", "@site2" ]
+#    cling_tag_list = [ "@*" ]
+#
+#    Changes made in version 2.02.85 extended the reach of the 'cling'
+#    policies to detect more situations where data can be grouped
+#    onto the same disks.  Set this to 0 to revert to the previous
+#    algorithm.
+#
+#    maximise_cling = 1
+#
+#    Set to 1 to guarantee that mirror logs will always be placed on 
+#    different PVs from the mirror images.  This was the default
+#    until version 2.02.85.
+#
+#    mirror_logs_require_separate_pvs = 0
+#
+#    Set to 1 to guarantee that thin pool metadata will always
+#    be placed on different PVs from the pool data.
+#
+#    thin_pool_metadata_require_separate_pvs = 0
+#}
+
+# This section that allows you to configure the nature of the
+# information that LVM2 reports.
+log {
+
+    # Controls the messages sent to stdout or stderr.
+    # There are three levels of verbosity, 3 being the most verbose.
+    verbose = 0
+
+    # Should we send log messages through syslog?
+    # 1 is yes; 0 is no.
+    syslog = 1
+
+    # Should we log error and debug messages to a file?
+    # By default there is no log file.
+    #file = "/var/log/lvm2.log"
+
+    # Should we overwrite the log file each time the program is run?
+    # By default we append.
+    overwrite = 0
+
+    # What level of log messages should we send to the log file and/or syslog?
+    # There are 6 syslog-like log levels currently in use - 2 to 7 inclusive.
+    # 7 is the most verbose (LOG_DEBUG).
+    level = 0
+
+    # Format of output messages
+    # Whether or not (1 or 0) to indent messages according to their severity
+    indent = 1
+
+    # Whether or not (1 or 0) to display the command name on each line output
+    command_names = 0
+
+    # A prefix to use before the message text (but after the command name,
+    # if selected).  Default is two spaces, so you can see/grep the severity
+    # of each message.
+    prefix = "  "
+
+    # To make the messages look similar to the original LVM tools use:
+    #   indent = 0
+    #   command_names = 1
+    #   prefix = " -- "
+
+    # Set this if you want log messages during activation.
+    # Don't use this in low memory situations (can deadlock).
+    # activation = 0
+}
+
+# Configuration of metadata backups and archiving.  In LVM2 when we
+# talk about a 'backup' we mean making a copy of the metadata for the
+# *current* system.  The 'archive' contains old metadata configurations.
+# Backups are stored in a human readeable text format.
+backup {
+
+    # Should we maintain a backup of the current metadata configuration ?
+    # Use 1 for Yes; 0 for No.
+    # Think very hard before turning this off!
+    backup = 1
+
+    # Where shall we keep it ?
+    # Remember to back up this directory regularly!
+    backup_dir = "/etc/lvm/backup"
+
+    # Should we maintain an archive of old metadata configurations.
+    # Use 1 for Yes; 0 for No.
+    # On by default.  Think very hard before turning this off.
+    archive = 1
+
+    # Where should archived files go ?
+    # Remember to back up this directory regularly!
+    archive_dir = "/etc/lvm/archive"
+
+    # What is the minimum number of archive files you wish to keep ?
+    retain_min = 10
+
+    # What is the minimum time you wish to keep an archive file for ?
+    retain_days = 30
+}
+
+# Settings for the running LVM2 in shell (readline) mode.
+shell {
+
+    # Number of lines of history to store in ~/.lvm_history
+    history_size = 100
+}
+
+
+# Miscellaneous global LVM2 settings
+global {
+
+    # The file creation mask for any files and directories created.
+    # Interpreted as octal if the first digit is zero.
+    umask = 077
+
+    # Allow other users to read the files
+    #umask = 022
+
+    # Enabling test mode means that no changes to the on disk metadata
+    # will be made.  Equivalent to having the -t option on every
+    # command.  Defaults to off.
+    test = 0
+
+    # Default value for --units argument
+    units = "h"
+
+    # Since version 2.02.54, the tools distinguish between powers of
+    # 1024 bytes (e.g. KiB, MiB, GiB) and powers of 1000 bytes (e.g.
+    # KB, MB, GB).
+    # If you have scripts that depend on the old behaviour, set this to 0
+    # temporarily until you update them.
+    si_unit_consistency = 1
+
+    # Whether or not to communicate with the kernel device-mapper.
+    # Set to 0 if you want to use the tools to manipulate LVM metadata 
+    # without activating any logical volumes.
+    # If the device-mapper kernel driver is not present in your kernel
+    # setting this to 0 should suppress the error messages.
+    activation = 1
+
+    # If we can't communicate with device-mapper, should we try running 
+    # the LVM1 tools?
+    # This option only applies to 2.4 kernels and is provided to help you
+    # switch between device-mapper kernels and LVM1 kernels.
+    # The LVM1 tools need to be installed with .lvm1 suffices
+    # e.g. vgscan.lvm1 and they will stop working after you start using
+    # the new lvm2 on-disk metadata format.
+    # The default value is set when the tools are built.
+    # fallback_to_lvm1 = 0
+
+    # The default metadata format that commands should use - "lvm1" or "lvm2".
+    # The command line override is -M1 or -M2.
+    # Defaults to "lvm2".
+    # format = "lvm2"
+
+    # Location of proc filesystem
+    proc = "/proc"
+
+    # Type of locking to use. Defaults to local file-based locking (1).
+    # Turn locking off by setting to 0 (dangerous: risks metadata corruption
+    # if LVM2 commands get run concurrently).
+    # Type 2 uses the external shared library locking_library.
+    # Type 3 uses built-in clustered locking.
+    # Type 4 uses read-only locking which forbids any operations that might 
+    # change metadata.
+    locking_type = 1
+
+    # Set to 0 to fail when a lock request cannot be satisfied immediately.
+    wait_for_locks = 1
+
+    # If using external locking (type 2) and initialisation fails,
+    # with this set to 1 an attempt will be made to use the built-in
+    # clustered locking.
+    # If you are using a customised locking_library you should set this to 0.
+    fallback_to_clustered_locking = 1
+
+    # If an attempt to initialise type 2 or type 3 locking failed, perhaps
+    # because cluster components such as clvmd are not running, with this set
+    # to 1 an attempt will be made to use local file-based locking (type 1).
+    # If this succeeds, only commands against local volume groups will proceed.
+    # Volume Groups marked as clustered will be ignored.
+    fallback_to_local_locking = 1
+
+    # Local non-LV directory that holds file-based locks while commands are
+    # in progress.  A directory like /tmp that may get wiped on reboot is OK.
+    locking_dir = "/run/lock/lvm"
+
+    # Whenever there are competing read-only and read-write access requests for
+    # a volume group's metadata, instead of always granting the read-only
+    # requests immediately, delay them to allow the read-write requests to be
+    # serviced.  Without this setting, write access may be stalled by a high
+    # volume of read-only requests.
+    # NB. This option only affects locking_type = 1 viz. local file-based
+    # locking.
+    prioritise_write_locks = 1
+
+    # Other entries can go here to allow you to load shared libraries
+    # e.g. if support for LVM1 metadata was compiled as a shared library use
+    #   format_libraries = "liblvm2format1.so" 
+    # Full pathnames can be given.
+
+    # Search this directory first for shared libraries.
+    #   library_dir = "/lib/lvm2"
+
+    # The external locking library to load if locking_type is set to 2.
+    #   locking_library = "liblvm2clusterlock.so"
+
+    # Treat any internal errors as fatal errors, aborting the process that
+    # encountered the internal error. Please only enable for debugging.
+    abort_on_internal_errors = 0
+
+    # Check whether CRC is matching when parsed VG is used multiple times.
+    # This is useful to catch unexpected internal cached volume group
+    # structure modification. Please only enable for debugging.
+    detect_internal_vg_cache_corruption = 0
+
+    # If set to 1, no operations that change on-disk metadata will be permitted.
+    # Additionally, read-only commands that encounter metadata in need of repair
+    # will still be allowed to proceed exactly as if the repair had been 
+    # performed (except for the unchanged vg_seqno).
+    # Inappropriate use could mess up your system, so seek advice first!
+    metadata_read_only = 0
+
+    # 'mirror_segtype_default' defines which segtype will be used when the
+    # shorthand '-m' option is used for mirroring.  The possible options are:
+    #
+    # "mirror" - The original RAID1 implementation provided by LVM2/DM.  It is
+    #            characterized by a flexible log solution (core, disk, mirrored)
+    #            and by the necessity to block I/O while reconfiguring in the
+    #            event of a failure.  Snapshots of this type of RAID1 can be
+    #            problematic.
+    #
+    # "raid1"  - This implementation leverages MD's RAID1 personality through
+    #            device-mapper.  It is characterized by a lack of log options.
+    #            (A log is always allocated for every device and they are placed
+    #            on the same device as the image - no separate devices are
+    #            required.)  This mirror implementation does not require I/O
+    #            to be blocked in the kernel in the event of a failure.
+    #
+    # Specify the '--type <mirror|raid1>' option to override this default
+    # setting.
+    mirror_segtype_default = "mirror"
+
+    # The default format for displaying LV names in lvdisplay was changed 
+    # in version 2.02.89 to show the LV name and path separately.
+    # Previously this was always shown as /dev/vgname/lvname even when that
+    # was never a valid path in the /dev filesystem.
+    # Set to 1 to reinstate the previous format.
+    #
+    # lvdisplay_shows_full_device_path = 0
+
+    # Whether to use (trust) a running instance of lvmetad. If this is set to
+    # 0, all commands fall back to the usual scanning mechanisms. When set to 1
+    # *and* when lvmetad is running (it is not auto-started), the volume group
+    # metadata and PV state flags are obtained from the lvmetad instance and no
+    # scanning is done by the individual commands. In a setup with lvmetad,
+    # lvmetad udev rules *must* be set up for LVM to work correctly. Without
+    # proper udev rules, all changes in block device configuration will be
+    # *ignored* until a manual 'vgscan' is performed.
+    use_lvmetad = 0
+}
+
+activation {
+    # Set to 1 to perform internal checks on the operations issued to
+    # libdevmapper.  Useful for debugging problems with activation.
+    # Some of the checks may be expensive, so it's best to use this
+    # only when there seems to be a problem.
+    checks = 0
+
+    # Set to 0 to disable udev synchronisation (if compiled into the binaries).
+    # Processes will not wait for notification from udev.
+    # They will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing
+    # in the background.  You should only use this if udev is not running
+    # or has rules that ignore the devices LVM2 creates.
+    # The command line argument --nodevsync takes precedence over this setting.
+    # If set to 1 when udev is not running, and there are LVM2 processes
+    # waiting for udev, run 'dmsetup udevcomplete_all' manually to wake them up.
+    udev_sync = 1
+
+    # Set to 0 to disable the udev rules installed by LVM2 (if built with
+    # --enable-udev_rules). LVM2 will then manage the /dev nodes and symlinks
+    # for active logical volumes directly itself.
+    # N.B. Manual intervention may be required if this setting is changed
+    # while any logical volumes are active.
+    udev_rules = 1
+
+    # Set to 1 for LVM2 to verify operations performed by udev. This turns on
+    # additional checks (and if necessary, repairs) on entries in the device
+    # directory after udev has completed processing its events. 
+    # Useful for diagnosing problems with LVM2/udev interactions.
+    verify_udev_operations = 1
+
+    # If set to 1 and if deactivation of an LV fails, perhaps because
+    # a process run from a quick udev rule temporarily opened the device,
+    # retry the operation for a few seconds before failing.
+    retry_deactivation = 1
+
+    # How to fill in missing stripes if activating an incomplete volume.
+    # Using "error" will make inaccessible parts of the device return
+    # I/O errors on access.  You can instead use a device path, in which 
+    # case, that device will be used to in place of missing stripes.
+    # But note that using anything other than "error" with mirrored 
+    # or snapshotted volumes is likely to result in data corruption.
+    missing_stripe_filler = "error"
+
+    # The linear target is an optimised version of the striped target
+    # that only handles a single stripe.  Set this to 0 to disable this
+    # optimisation and always use the striped target.
+    use_linear_target = 1
+
+    # How much stack (in KB) to reserve for use while devices suspended
+    # Prior to version 2.02.89 this used to be set to 256KB
+    reserved_stack = 64
+
+    # How much memory (in KB) to reserve for use while devices suspended
+    reserved_memory = 8192
+
+    # Nice value used while devices suspended
+    process_priority = -18
+
+    # If volume_list is defined, each LV is only activated if there is a
+    # match against the list.
+    #   "vgname" and "vgname/lvname" are matched exactly.
+    #   "@tag" matches any tag set in the LV or VG.
+    #   "@*" matches if any tag defined on the host is also set in the LV or VG
+    #
+    # volume_list = [ "vg1", "vg2/lvol1", "@tag1", "@*" ]
+
+    # If read_only_volume_list is defined, each LV that is to be activated 
+    # is checked against the list, and if it matches, it as activated
+    # in read-only mode.  (This overrides '--permission rw' stored in the
+    # metadata.)
+    #   "vgname" and "vgname/lvname" are matched exactly.
+    #   "@tag" matches any tag set in the LV or VG.
+    #   "@*" matches if any tag defined on the host is also set in the LV or VG
+    #
+    # read_only_volume_list = [ "vg1", "vg2/lvol1", "@tag1", "@*" ]
+
+    # Size (in KB) of each copy operation when mirroring
+    mirror_region_size = 512
+
+    # Setting to use when there is no readahead value stored in the metadata.
+    #
+    # "none" - Disable readahead.
+    # "auto" - Use default value chosen by kernel.
+    readahead = "auto"
+
+    # 'raid_fault_policy' defines how a device failure in a RAID logical
+    # volume is handled.  This includes logical volumes that have the following
+    # segment types: raid1, raid4, raid5*, and raid6*.
+    #
+    # In the event of a failure, the following policies will determine what
+    # actions are performed during the automated response to failures (when
+    # dmeventd is monitoring the RAID logical volume) and when 'lvconvert' is
+    # called manually with the options '--repair' and '--use-policies'.
+    #
+    # "warn"    - Use the system log to warn the user that a device in the RAID
+    #             logical volume has failed.  It is left to the user to run
+    #             'lvconvert --repair' manually to remove or replace the failed
+    #             device.  As long as the number of failed devices does not
+    #             exceed the redundancy of the logical volume (1 device for
+    #             raid4/5, 2 for raid6, etc) the logical volume will remain
+    #             usable.
+    #
+    # "allocate" - Attempt to use any extra physical volumes in the volume
+    #             group as spares and replace faulty devices.
+    #
+    raid_fault_policy = "warn"
+
+    # 'mirror_image_fault_policy' and 'mirror_log_fault_policy' define
+    # how a device failure affecting a mirror (of "mirror" segment type) is
+    # handled.  A mirror is composed of mirror images (copies) and a log.
+    # A disk log ensures that a mirror does not need to be re-synced
+    # (all copies made the same) every time a machine reboots or crashes.
+    #
+    # In the event of a failure, the specified policy will be used to determine
+    # what happens. This applies to automatic repairs (when the mirror is being
+    # monitored by dmeventd) and to manual lvconvert --repair when
+    # --use-policies is given.
+    #
+    # "remove" - Simply remove the faulty device and run without it.  If
+    #            the log device fails, the mirror would convert to using
+    #            an in-memory log.  This means the mirror will not
+    #            remember its sync status across crashes/reboots and
+    #            the entire mirror will be re-synced.  If a
+    #            mirror image fails, the mirror will convert to a
+    #            non-mirrored device if there is only one remaining good
+    #            copy.
+    #
+    # "allocate" - Remove the faulty device and try to allocate space on
+    #            a new device to be a replacement for the failed device.
+    #            Using this policy for the log is fast and maintains the
+    #            ability to remember sync state through crashes/reboots.
+    #            Using this policy for a mirror device is slow, as it
+    #            requires the mirror to resynchronize the devices, but it
+    #            will preserve the mirror characteristic of the device.
+    #            This policy acts like "remove" if no suitable device and
+    #            space can be allocated for the replacement.
+    #
+    # "allocate_anywhere" - Not yet implemented. Useful to place the log device
+    #            temporarily on same physical volume as one of the mirror
+    #            images. This policy is not recommended for mirror devices
+    #            since it would break the redundant nature of the mirror. This
+    #            policy acts like "remove" if no suitable device and space can
+    #            be allocated for the replacement.
+
+    mirror_log_fault_policy = "allocate"
+    mirror_image_fault_policy = "remove"
+
+    # 'snapshot_autoextend_threshold' and 'snapshot_autoextend_percent' define
+    # how to handle automatic snapshot extension. The former defines when the
+    # snapshot should be extended: when its space usage exceeds this many
+    # percent. The latter defines how much extra space should be allocated for
+    # the snapshot, in percent of its current size.
+    #
+    # For example, if you set snapshot_autoextend_threshold to 70 and
+    # snapshot_autoextend_percent to 20, whenever a snapshot exceeds 70% usage,
+    # it will be extended by another 20%. For a 1G snapshot, using up 700M will
+    # trigger a resize to 1.2G. When the usage exceeds 840M, the snapshot will
+    # be extended to 1.44G, and so on.
+    #
+    # Setting snapshot_autoextend_threshold to 100 disables automatic
+    # extensions. The minimum value is 50 (A setting below 50 will be treated
+    # as 50).
+
+    snapshot_autoextend_threshold = 100
+    snapshot_autoextend_percent = 20
+
+    # 'thin_pool_autoextend_threshold' and 'thin_pool_autoextend_percent' define
+    # how to handle automatic pool extension. The former defines when the
+    # pool should be extended: when its space usage exceeds this many
+    # percent. The latter defines how much extra space should be allocated for
+    # the pool, in percent of its current size.
+    #
+    # For example, if you set thin_pool_autoextend_threshold to 70 and
+    # thin_pool_autoextend_percent to 20, whenever a pool exceeds 70% usage,
+    # it will be extended by another 20%. For a 1G pool, using up 700M will
+    # trigger a resize to 1.2G. When the usage exceeds 840M, the pool will
+    # be extended to 1.44G, and so on.
+    #
+    # Setting thin_pool_autoextend_threshold to 100 disables automatic
+    # extensions. The minimum value is 50 (A setting below 50 will be treated
+    # as 50).
+
+    thin_pool_autoextend_threshold = 100
+    thin_pool_autoextend_percent = 20
+
+    # Full path of the utility called to check that a thin metadata device
+    # is in a state that allows it to be used.
+    # Each time a thin pool needs to be activated, this utility is executed.
+    # The activation will only proceed if the utility has an exit status of 0.
+    # Set to "" to skip this check.  (Not recommended.)
+    # The thin tools are available as part of the device-mapper-persistent-data
+    # package from https://github.com/jthornber/thin-provisioning-tools.
+    #
+    thin_check_executable = "/sbin/thin_check -q"
+
+    # While activating devices, I/O to devices being (re)configured is
+    # suspended, and as a precaution against deadlocks, LVM2 needs to pin
+    # any memory it is using so it is not paged out.  Groups of pages that
+    # are known not to be accessed during activation need not be pinned
+    # into memory.  Each string listed in this setting is compared against
+    # each line in /proc/self/maps, and the pages corresponding to any
+    # lines that match are not pinned.  On some systems locale-archive was
+    # found to make up over 80% of the memory used by the process.
+    # mlock_filter = [ "locale/locale-archive", "gconv/gconv-modules.cache" ]
+
+    # Set to 1 to revert to the default behaviour prior to version 2.02.62
+    # which used mlockall() to pin the whole process's memory while activating
+    # devices.
+    use_mlockall = 0
+
+    # Monitoring is enabled by default when activating logical volumes.
+    # Set to 0 to disable monitoring or use the --ignoremonitoring option.
+    monitoring = 0
+
+    # When pvmove or lvconvert must wait for the kernel to finish
+    # synchronising or merging data, they check and report progress
+    # at intervals of this number of seconds.  The default is 15 seconds.
+    # If this is set to 0 and there is only one thing to wait for, there
+    # are no progress reports, but the process is awoken immediately the
+    # operation is complete.
+    polling_interval = 15
+}
+
+
+####################
+# Advanced section #
+####################
+
+# Metadata settings
+#
+# metadata {
+    # Default number of copies of metadata to hold on each PV.  0, 1 or 2.
+    # You might want to override it from the command line with 0 
+    # when running pvcreate on new PVs which are to be added to large VGs.
+
+    # pvmetadatacopies = 1
+
+    # Default number of copies of metadata to maintain for each VG.
+    # If set to a non-zero value, LVM automatically chooses which of
+    # the available metadata areas to use to achieve the requested
+    # number of copies of the VG metadata.  If you set a value larger
+    # than the the total number of metadata areas available then
+    # metadata is stored in them all.
+    # The default value of 0 ("unmanaged") disables this automatic
+    # management and allows you to control which metadata areas
+    # are used at the individual PV level using 'pvchange
+    # --metadataignore y/n'.
+
+    # vgmetadatacopies = 0
+
+    # Approximate default size of on-disk metadata areas in sectors.
+    # You should increase this if you have large volume groups or
+    # you want to retain a large on-disk history of your metadata changes.
+
+    # pvmetadatasize = 255
+
+    # List of directories holding live copies of text format metadata.
+    # These directories must not be on logical volumes!
+    # It's possible to use LVM2 with a couple of directories here,
+    # preferably on different (non-LV) filesystems, and with no other 
+    # on-disk metadata (pvmetadatacopies = 0). Or this can be in
+    # addition to on-disk metadata areas.
+    # The feature was originally added to simplify testing and is not
+    # supported under low memory situations - the machine could lock up.
+    #
+    # Never edit any files in these directories by hand unless you
+    # you are absolutely sure you know what you are doing! Use
+    # the supplied toolset to make changes (e.g. vgcfgrestore).
+
+    # dirs = [ "/etc/lvm/metadata", "/mnt/disk2/lvm/metadata2" ]
+#}
+
+# Event daemon
+#
+dmeventd {
+    # mirror_library is the library used when monitoring a mirror device.
+    #
+    # "libdevmapper-event-lvm2mirror.so" attempts to recover from
+    # failures.  It removes failed devices from a volume group and
+    # reconfigures a mirror as necessary. If no mirror library is
+    # provided, mirrors are not monitored through dmeventd.
+
+    mirror_library = "libdevmapper-event-lvm2mirror.so"
+
+    # snapshot_library is the library used when monitoring a snapshot device.
+    #
+    # "libdevmapper-event-lvm2snapshot.so" monitors the filling of
+    # snapshots and emits a warning through syslog when the use of
+    # the snapshot exceeds 80%. The warning is repeated when 85%, 90% and
+    # 95% of the snapshot is filled.
+
+    snapshot_library = "libdevmapper-event-lvm2snapshot.so"
+
+    # thin_library is the library used when monitoring a thin device.
+    #
+    # "libdevmapper-event-lvm2thin.so" monitors the filling of
+    # pool and emits a warning through syslog when the use of
+    # the pool exceeds 80%. The warning is repeated when 85%, 90% and
+    # 95% of the pool is filled.
+
+    thin_library = "libdevmapper-event-lvm2thin.so"
+
+    # Full path of the dmeventd binary.
+    #
+    # executable = "/sbin/dmeventd"
+}
diff --git a/old-school/menu-select b/old-school/menu-select
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..0cc0c67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/menu-select
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# usage:
+#  $0 boot-ram                                          - use memory-only overlay
+#  $0 boot-new       [dev name] [loop file] [megabytes] - create new luks-encrypted overlay
+#  $0 boot-overwrite [dev name] [loop file] [megabytes] - overwrite with new luks overlay
+#  $0 boot-luks      [dev name] [loop file]             - boot existing luks-encrypted overlay
+#  $0 boot-gpg       [key id] [gnupg homedir] [???]     - boot any device signed with the key
+
+. lvm-create.sh
+. common.sh
+exec 4>&1
+debug_log
+
+error()
+{
+  local sleep=3
+
+  clear >&4
+  echo "error -- ${*:-:(}" >&4
+
+  if [ $sleep -gt 0 ]; then
+    echo "will try again in $sleep seconds..." >&4
+    sleep $sleep
+  fi
+  bootmenu do_trigger no_panic
+  exit
+}
+
+badopts=
+fs=
+while [ $# -ge 1 ]; do
+  case $1 in
+    --fs=*) fs="${1#--fs=}"; shift; continue ;;
+    --*) echo "error: unknown option $1"; badopts=true; shift; continue ;;
+  esac
+  break
+done
+[ -z "$badopts" ] || error 'usage error'
+
+[ $# -ge 2 -o "$1" = 'boot-ram' ] || error 'usage error'
+
+remountrw()
+{
+  local fs="$1" dev="$2" loopfile="$3"
+  if [ "$fs" = hfsplus ]; then
+    mountpoint="/mnt/${dev##*/}"
+    umount "$dev" || error
+    fsck.hfsplus -q "$dev" || error
+    mount -o force "$dev" "$mountpoint" || error
+  else
+    mount -o remount,rw "$dev" || error
+  fi
+}
+
+hwclock_to_system()
+{
+  local fs="$1" UTC=UTC
+  case "$fs" in ntfs|vfat) UTC=LOCAL ;; esac
+  printf '0.0 0 0.0\n0\n%s' $UTC > /etc/adjtime
+  hwclock --hctosys
+}
+
+case "$1" in
+  boot-ram)
+    modprobe squashfs || true
+    find_squashfs_root | mountsquashes || error
+    mkdir /overlay || error
+    mount -t tmpfs tmpfs /overlay || error
+    mkdir /overlay/gpg || error
+    ln -s /overlay/gpg /gpg
+
+    init_gpg || error
+    bootdone squashfs-root rw-overlay
+  ;;
+  boot-overwrite|boot-new|boot-luks)
+    dev="$2"
+    loopfile="$3"
+    megs="$4"
+
+    [ "$1" != 'boot-new' -o ! -e "$loopfile" ] || error
+
+    remountrw "$fs" "$dev" "$loopfile" || error
+
+    hwclock_to_system "$fs"
+
+    if [ "$1" = 'boot-overwrite' ]; then
+      rm "$loopfile" "$loopfile"k
+    fi
+
+    init_gpg || error
+
+    if [ "$1" = 'boot-luks' ]; then
+      open_samizdat "$loopfile" "$loopfile"k || error
+      exit
+    fi
+
+    start_meter "Allocating ${megs}MB in '$loopfile' on $dev..."
+
+    if init_samizdat "$loopfile" "$megs" "$loopfile"k; then
+      stop_meter done.
+    else
+      stop_meter error!
+      rm "$loopfile" "$loopfile"k
+      error
+    fi
+  ;;
+  *)
+    error "Unimplemented boot command: $*"
+  ;;
+esac
+
+# vim:ts=2 sw=2 et
diff --git a/old-school/samizdat-cdrom-copy b/old-school/samizdat-cdrom-copy
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..d4920b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/samizdat-cdrom-copy
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+md_name=$1
+lv_name=$2
+lv_dev=$3
+cdrom_loopdev=$4
+cdrom_dev=$5
+
+. lvm-create.sh
+
+mdadm_wait_remove()
+{
+  # We should perhaps use mdadm --monitor's RebuildFinished event.
+
+  local dev="$1" disk="$2" tries
+  if ! mdadm --wait "$dev"; then
+    tries=1000
+    while ! mdadm --detail --test "$dev"; do
+      [ $tries -gt 0 ] || return 1
+      sleep 1
+      tries=$((tries-1))
+    done
+  fi
+
+  mdadm "$dev" --fail "$disk" || return 1
+  tries=100
+  while ! mdadm "$dev" --remove "$disk"; do
+    [ $tries -gt 0 ] || return 1
+    sleep 1
+    tries=$((tries-1))
+  done
+  return 0
+}
+
+
+Done()
+{
+  mdadm --grow "$md_name" -n 1 --force
+  lvm lvrename "$lv_name".tmp "${lv_name#*/}"
+  losetup -d "$cdrom_loopdev"
+  [ -e /etc/mtab ] || ln -sf /proc/mounts /etc/mtab
+  eject "$cdrom_dev"
+  echo "[$$] Done."
+}
+
+exec >>/var/log/samizdat-cdrom-copy.log 2>&1
+echo "[$$] Waiting for $cdrom_loopdev ($cdrom_dev) to be removed from $md_name."
+
+if mdadm_wait_remove "$md_name" "$cdrom_loopdev"; then
+  Done;
+else
+  echo "[$$] Warning: mdadm_wait_remove() returned $?.  Doing manual copy with sg_dd (using continue-on-error)."
+  mdadm -D "$md_name"
+  mdadm "$md_name" --fail "$lv_dev".tmp
+  mdadm -D "$md_name"
+  mdadm "$md_name" --remove "$lv_dev".tmp
+  mdadm -D "$md_name"
+  mdadm  /dev/md55 --grow -n1 --force
+  mdadm -D "$md_name"
+
+  sizelimit=$(get_cdrom_sizelimit "$cdrom_dev")
+
+  if sg_dd bs=2048 ${sizelimit:+count=$((sizelimit/2048))} iflag=coe,coe,coe if="$cdrom_dev" of="$lv_dev".tmp retries=42; then
+    echo "[$$] sg_dd succeeded."
+    mdadm "$md_name" --grow -n 2 --assume-clean --add "$lv_dev".tmp
+    mdadm -D "$md_name"
+    if mdadm_wait_remove "$md_name" "$cdrom_loopdev"; then
+      Done;
+    else
+      echo "[$$] Error: mdadm_wait_remove() returned $? after sg_dd.  Cannot eject CDROM!"
+    fi
+  else
+    echo "[$$] Error: sg_dd returned $?.  Cannot eject CDROM!"
+  fi
+fi
+
diff --git a/old-school/squashfs-size b/old-school/squashfs-size
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..74b67d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/squashfs-size
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+squashfs_size_ratio()
+{
+  local fn="$1"
+  #FSIZE="$(stat -c "%s" "$fn")"
+  word5() { echo $5; }
+  FSIZE="$(word5 `ls -l "$fn"`)"
+  echo $(( $FSIZE * 3367 / 1000 ))
+}
+
+squashfs_size_magicdb()
+{
+
+  get()
+  {
+    local len=$1
+    local off=$2
+    local fn="$3"
+    #local OUT=( $(od -t d$len -N$len -j $off "$fn") )
+    #echo "${OUT[1]}"
+    od -t u$len -N$len -j $off "$fn" | head -n1 |  sed 's/.* //'
+  }
+
+#   getReversedEndian()
+#   {
+#     local len=$1
+#     local off=$2
+#     local fn="$3"
+#     #local B=( $(od -t x$len -N$len -j $off "$fn") )
+#     #B="${B[1]}"
+#     local B="$(od -t x$len -N$len -j $off "$fn" | head -n1 | cut -d' ' -f2)" 
+#     local D=
+#     local C=$(( $len * 2 ))
+#     while [ $C -gt 0 ]
+#     do
+#       C=$(( $C - 2 ))
+#       D="$D${B:$C:2}"
+#     done
+#     D="0x$D"
+#     echo $D
+#   }
+  getReversedEndian()
+  {
+    local len=$1
+    local off=$2
+    local fn="$3"
+    local D=
+    local C=$len 
+    while [ $C -gt 0 ]
+    do
+      C=$(( $C - 1 ))
+      D="$(od -t x1 -N1 -j $(($off+$C)) "$fn" | head -n1 | cut -d' ' -f2)$D" 
+    done
+    D=$((0x$D))
+    echo $D
+  }
+
+
+  local fn="$1"
+
+  local M=$(get 4 0 "$fn")
+  local N=$(getReversedEndian 4 0 "$fn")
+  if [ $M -eq 1936814952 ]
+  then
+    # Proper endian.
+    local get=get
+  elif [ $N -eq 1936814952 ]
+  then
+    # Reversed endian.
+    local get=getReversedEndian
+  else
+    error not squashfs
+  fi
+
+  local T=$($get 2 28 "$fn")
+  if [ $T -lt 3 ]
+  then
+    local BC=$($get 4 8 "$fn") 
+  else
+    local BC=$($get 8 63 "$fn")
+  fi
+
+  echo $BC
+}
+
+
+squashfs_size_ratio "$1"
diff --git a/old-school/umountall.sh b/old-school/umountall.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bf89838
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/umountall.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+OPEN_SHELL_BEFORE_SHUTDOWN=
+
+movemount() {
+  if mountpoint -q "$1"; then
+    umount /root/"$1"
+  else
+    mkdir -p "$1"
+    mount --move /root/"$1" "$1"
+  fi
+}
+
+retry_n_delay() {
+  local n="$1" delay="$2"
+  shift 2
+  while [ "$n" -gt 0 ]; do "$@" && break; sleep $delay; n=$((n-1)); done
+}
+
+umount_all_novirtual()
+{
+  # EQUIVALENT: umount -a -t norootfs,nosysfs,noproc,notmpfs,nodevpts,nodevtmpfs
+  # busyboxy umount does not support -t, therefore:
+  tac /proc/mounts | {
+    errors=0
+    while read dev mp type opts _; do
+      case $type in
+        rootfs|sysfs|proc|tmpfs|devpts|devtmpfs) ;;
+        *) umount "$mp" || errors=$((errors+1)) ;;
+      esac
+    done 
+    return $errors
+  }
+}
+
+losetup_delete_all()
+{
+  local f dev
+  for f in /sys/dev/block/7:*/loop; do
+    dev=${f#/sys/dev/block/7:}
+    dev=/dev/loop${dev%%/*}
+    losetup -d $dev
+  done
+}
+
+mdadm_stop_all()
+{
+  for md in /dev/md* /dev/md/*; do 
+    test -b "$md" && mdadm --stop "$md"
+  done
+}
+
+lvm_deactivate() { lvm lvchange -v -an samizdat 11>&-; }
+
+killemdead() {
+  force= pids="$(pidof "$@")"
+  while [ "$pids" ]; do
+    kill $force $pids
+    living=
+    for p in $pids; do
+      if [ -e /proc/$p ]; then
+        living=1
+        break
+      fi
+    done
+    [ ! "$living" ] && break
+    force=-9
+  done
+}
+
+specials= movemounts= umounts=
+while read dev mp type opts _; do # N.B. order is reversed in variables
+case $mp in
+  /root/dev|/root/proc)
+    specials="$mp $specials" ;;
+  /root/sys|/root/cdrom|/root/mnt/*|/root/gpg|/root/overlay|/root/xino|/root/squashes/*) 
+    movemounts="$mp $movemounts" ;; 
+  /root/*)
+    umounts="$mp $umounts" ;;
+esac
+done < /proc/mounts
+
+# Unmount mounts under /root that we didn't put there
+while true; do
+  error=0; success=0
+  for m in $umounts; do
+    if umount $m; then
+      success=$((success+1))
+    else
+      error=$((error+1))
+    fi
+  done
+  [ $error = 0 ] && break
+  [ $success = 0 ] && break
+done
+
+# Move back mounts that we moved
+for m in $movemounts; do
+  movemount "${m#/root}" # TODO: error handling
+done
+
+killemdead gpg-agent samizdat-pinentry
+
+umount /root/dev
+umount /root/proc
+ln -sf /proc/mounts /etc/mtab
+
+umount_all_novirtual
+mdadm_stop_all
+losetup_delete_all
+lvm_deactivate
+cryptsetup remove samizdatcrypt
+losetup_delete_all
+umount_all_novirtual
+
+if [ "$OPEN_SHELL_BEFORE_SHUTDOWN" ]; then
+  read cmd < /halt
+  echo
+  echo "Remove cdrom and press ctrl-d to run '$cmd'."
+  /bin/sh -i
+fi
+
+read cmd < /halt && $cmd
+sleep 1
+
+echo "Error!  Starting emergency shell with pid 1."
+exec /bin/sh -i
diff --git a/old-school/vol_id b/old-school/vol_id
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5cd24a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old-school/vol_id
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+exec blkid -p -o udev "$@"