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{-# OPTIONS_GHC
-Wall
-Wno-unused-imports
-Wno-unused-top-binds
-Wno-name-shadowing
#-}
{-# language NoImplicitPrelude #-}
{-# language RecordWildCards #-}
{-# language FlexibleContexts #-}
{-# language TemplateHaskell #-}
{-# language ViewPatterns #-}
{-# language OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# language QuasiQuotes #-}
module CosmicCalendar where
import Rebase.Prelude
import qualified Rebase.Prelude as Prelude
import Control.Lens hiding ((<|))
import Data.Foldable (toList)
import Data.Ratio
import Text.Printf
import Data.Time.Calendar.OrdinalDate
import Data.Time.LocalTime
import Control.Monad.RWS
import Data.Time.Calendar.OrdinalDate
import Data.Text.Format.Numbers
import NeatInterpolation
import Data.Text (Text)
import Rebase.Data.Map.Strict (Map)
import qualified Rebase.Data.Map.Strict as Map
-- 13.787±0.020 billion years. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_the_universe#cite_note-Planck_2018-2
ageOfUniverseInYears :: Integer
ageOfUniverseInYears = 13787 * 1000 * 1000
daysPerYear :: NominalDiffTime
daysPerYear = 365.2422
lengthOfDay :: NominalDiffTime
lengthOfDay = 24 * 60 * 60
lengthOfYear :: NominalDiffTime
lengthOfYear = daysPerYear * lengthOfDay
ageOfUniverse :: NominalDiffTime
ageOfUniverse = fromIntegral ageOfUniverseInYears * lengthOfYear
data CalendarEntry = CalendarEntry {
calBeginTime :: NominalDiffTime,
calEndTime :: Maybe NominalDiffTime,
calTitle :: Text,
calSubtitle :: Text,
calDescription :: Text,
calReferences :: Text
} deriving (Show)
theCalendar :: Map NominalDiffTime CalendarEntry
theCalendar = Map.fromList $ map (\x -> (calBeginTime x, x)) theCalendarList
thousandYears :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
thousandYears = (* (lengthOfYear * 1000)) . fromRational
millionYears :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
millionYears = (* (lengthOfYear * 1000 * 1000)) . fromRational
billionYears :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
billionYears = (* (lengthOfYear * 1000 * 1000 * 1000)) . fromRational
yearsAgo :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
yearsAgo n = (ageOfUniverse - lengthOfYear * fromRational n) / ageOfUniverse * lengthOfYear
thousandYearsAgo :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
thousandYearsAgo = yearsAgo . (* 1000)
millionYearsAgo :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
millionYearsAgo = thousandYearsAgo . (* 1000)
billionYearsAgo :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
billionYearsAgo = millionYearsAgo . (* 1000)
afterBigBang :: NominalDiffTime -> NominalDiffTime
afterBigBang = (/ ageOfUniverse) . (* lengthOfYear)
yearStart :: LocalTime -> LocalTime
yearStart (LocalTime d _) = LocalTime d' t'
where
d' = fromGregorian y 1 1
t' = TimeOfDay 0 0 0
(y, _, _) = toGregorian d
localTimeToYearElapsed :: LocalTime -> NominalDiffTime
localTimeToYearElapsed t = t `diffLocalTime` yearStart t
getLastCalendarEntry :: LocalTime -> Maybe CalendarEntry
getLastCalendarEntry (localTimeToYearElapsed -> t) = snd <$> Map.lookupLE t theCalendar
getNextCalendarEntry :: LocalTime -> Maybe CalendarEntry
getNextCalendarEntry (localTimeToYearElapsed -> t) = snd <$> Map.lookupGT t theCalendar
theCalendarList :: [CalendarEntry]
theCalendarList =
[
CalendarEntry 0 Nothing "The Big Bang" "The universe begins" "" "",
CalendarEntry (370 & thousandYears & afterBigBang)
Nothing
"Recombination"
"The universe becomes transparent"
recombinationDescription
recombinationReferences,
CalendarEntry (13.4 & billionYearsAgo) Nothing
"The first observed star"
""
"First Light Viewed Through the Rich Cluster Abell 2218"
"https://sites.astro.caltech.edu/~rse/firstlight/",
CalendarEntry (4.6 & billionYearsAgo) Nothing
"Formation of the Sun"
"The formation of the solar system begins"
"The formation of the Solar System began about 4.6 billion years ago with the gravitational collapse of a small part of a giant molecular cloud.[1] Most of the collapsing mass collected in the center, forming the Sun, while the rest flattened into a protoplanetary disk out of which the planets, moons, asteroids, and other small Solar System bodies formed."
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System",
CalendarEntry (4.54 & billionYearsAgo) Nothing
"Formation of Earth"
""
earthDescription
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Earth#Solar_System_formation"
]
where
earthDescription = [text|
The standard model for the formation of the Solar System (including the Earth) is the solar nebula hypothesis.[23] In this model, the Solar System formed from a large, rotating cloud of interstellar dust and gas called the solar nebula. It was composed of hydrogen and helium created shortly after the Big Bang 13.8 Ga (billion years ago) and heavier elements ejected by supernovae. About 4.5 Ga, the nebula began a contraction that may have been triggered by the shock wave from a nearby supernova.[24] A shock wave would have also made the nebula rotate. As the cloud began to accelerate, its angular momentum, gravity, and inertia flattened it into a protoplanetary disk perpendicular to its axis of rotation. Small perturbations due to collisions and the angular momentum of other large debris created the means by which kilometer-sized protoplanets began to form, orbiting the nebular center.[25]
The center of the nebula, not having much angular momentum, collapsed rapidly, the compression heating it until nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium began. After more contraction, a T Tauri star ignited and evolved into the Sun. Meanwhile, in the outer part of the nebula gravity caused matter to condense around density perturbations and dust particles, and the rest of the protoplanetary disk began separating into rings. In a process known as runaway accretion, successively larger fragments of dust and debris clumped together to form planets.[25] Earth formed in this manner about 4.54 billion years ago (with an uncertainty of 1%)[26][27][4] and was largely completed within 10–20 million years.[28] The solar wind of the newly formed T Tauri star cleared out most of the material in the disk that had not already condensed into larger bodies. The same process is expected to produce accretion disks around virtually all newly forming stars in the universe, some of which yield planets.[29]
|]
recombinationDescription = [text|
At about 370,000 years,[3][4][5][6] neutral hydrogen atoms finish forming ("recombination"), and as a result the universe also became transparent for the first time. The newly formed atoms—mainly hydrogen and helium with traces of lithium—quickly reach their lowest energy state (ground state) by releasing photons ("photon decoupling"), and these photons can still be detected today as the cosmic microwave background (CMB). This is the oldest direct observation we currently have of the universe.
|]
recombinationReferences = [text|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronology_of_the_universe#The_very_early_universe
3. Tanabashi, M. 2018, p. 358, chpt. 21.4.1: "Big-Bang Cosmology" (Revised
September 2017) by Keith A. Olive and John A. Peacock.
4. Notes: Edward L. Wright's Javascript Cosmology Calculator (last
modified 23 July 2018). With a default H 0 {\displaystyle H_{0}} H_{0} =
69.6 (based on WMAP9+SPT+ACT+6dFGS+BOSS/DR11+H0/Riess) parameters, the
calculated age of the universe with a redshift of z = 1100 is in agreement
with Olive and Peacock (about 370,000 years).
5. Hinshaw, Weiland & Hill 2009. See PDF: page 45, Table 7, Age at
decoupling, last column. Based on WMAP+BAO+SN parameters, the age of
decoupling occurred 376971+3162−3167 years after the Big Bang.
6. Ryden 2006, pp. 194–195. "Without going into the details of the
non-equilibrium physics, let's content ourselves by saying, in round
numbers, zdec ≈ 1100, corresponding to a temperature Tdec ≈ 3000 K, when
the age of the universe was tdec ≈ 350,000 yr in the Benchmark Model.
(...) The relevant times of various events around the time of
recombination are shown in Table 9.1. (...) Note that all these times are
approximate, and are dependent on the cosmological model you choose. (I
have chosen the Benchmark Model in calculating these numbers.)"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recombination_(cosmology)#cite_note-2
|]
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