yet more calendar entries

1 files changed, 60 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/CosmicCalendar.hs b/CosmicCalendar.hs
index 38a8c86..646d5bb 100644
--- a/CosmicCalendar.hs
+++ b/CosmicCalendar.hs
@@ -60,13 +60,13 @@ theCalendar :: Map NominalDiffTime CalendarEntry
 theCalendar = Map.fromList $ map (\x -> (calBeginTime x, x)) theCalendarList
 
 thousandYears :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
-thousandYears = (* (lengthOfYear * 1000)) . fromRational 
+thousandYears = (* (lengthOfYear * 1000)) . fromRational
 
 millionYears :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
-millionYears = (* (lengthOfYear * 1000 * 1000)) . fromRational 
+millionYears = (* (lengthOfYear * 1000 * 1000)) . fromRational
 
 billionYears :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
-billionYears = (* (lengthOfYear * 1000 * 1000 * 1000)) . fromRational 
+billionYears = (* (lengthOfYear * 1000 * 1000 * 1000)) . fromRational
 
 yearsAgo :: Rational -> NominalDiffTime
 yearsAgo n = (ageOfUniverse - lengthOfYear * fromRational n) / ageOfUniverse * lengthOfYear
@@ -158,6 +158,12 @@ theCalendarList =
     |]
     "",
 
+    CalendarEntry (115 & thousandYearsAgo) (Just $ 11.7 & thousandYearsAgo)
+    "The Ice Age begins"
+    "The Last Glacial Period"
+    "The Last Glacial Period (LGP), also known colloquially as the last ice age or simply ice age,[1] occurred from the end of the Eemian to the end of the Younger Dryas, encompassing the period c. 115,000 – c. 11,700 years ago. The LGP is part of a larger sequence of glacial and interglacial periods known as the Quaternary glaciation which started around 2,588,000 years ago and is ongoing.[2] The definition of the Quaternary as beginning 2.58 million years ago (Mya) is based on the formation of the Arctic ice cap. The Antarctic ice sheet began to form earlier, at about 34 Mya, in the mid-Cenozoic (Eocene–Oligocene extinction event). The term Late Cenozoic Ice Age is used to include this early phase.[3]"
+    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_Glacial_Period",
+
     CalendarEntry (50 & thousandYearsAgo) Nothing
     "Third major transition in stone tool technology"
     "Mode IV: The Aurignacian Industry"
@@ -169,9 +175,60 @@ theCalendarList =
     "Mode V: The Microlithic Industries"
     "Mode 5 stone tools involve the production of microliths, which were used in composite tools, mainly fastened to a shaft.[22] Examples include the Magdalenian culture. Such a technology makes much more efficient use of available materials like flint, although required greater skill in manufacturing the small flakes. Mounting sharp flint edges in a wood or bone handle is the key innovation in microliths, essentially because the handle gives the user protection against the flint and also improves leverage of the device."
     "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_tool#Mode_V:_The_Microlithic_Industries"
+    ,
+
+    CalendarEntry (12 & thousandYearsAgo) Nothing
+    "Agriculture leads to permanent settlements"
+    "Neolithic age (\"new stone age\")"
+    "Wild grains were collected and eaten from at least 105,000 years ago.[2] However, domestication did not occur until much later. The earliest evidence of small-scale cultivation of edible grasses is from around 21,000 BC with the Ohalo II people on the shores of the Sea of Galilee.[3] By around 9500 BC, the eight Neolithic founder crops – emmer wheat, einkorn wheat, hulled barley, peas, lentils, bitter vetch, chickpeas, and flax – were cultivated in the Levant.[4] Rye may have been cultivated earlier, but this claim remains controversial.[5] Rice was domesticated in China by 6200 BC[6] with earliest known cultivation from 5700 BC, followed by mung, soy and azuki beans. Rice was also independently domesticated in West Africa and cultivated by 1000 BC.[7][8] Pigs were domesticated in Mesopotamia around 11,000 years ago, followed by sheep. Cattle were domesticated from the wild aurochs in the areas of modern Turkey and India around 8500 BC. Camels were domesticated late, perhaps around 3000 BC."
+    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_agriculture",
+
+    CalendarEntry (6.5 & thousandYearsAgo) Nothing
+    "First copper tools"
+    ""
+    ""
+    "",
+
+    CalendarEntry (5.3 & thousandYearsAgo) Nothing
+    "First bronze tools, first written language"
+    "The Bronze Age"
+    ""
+    "",
+
+    CalendarEntry (3000 & yearsBeforeCommonEra) (Just $ 2350 & yearsBeforeCommonEra)
+    "Corded Ware culture"
+    ""
+    [text|
+    The Corded Ware culture comprises a broad archaeological horizon of Europe between ca. 3000 BCE – 2350 BCE, thus from the late Neolithic, through the Copper Age, and ending in the early Bronze Age.[2] Corded Ware culture encompassed a vast area, from the contact zone between the Yamnaya culture and the Corded Ware culture in south Central Europe, to the Rhine on the west and the Volga in the east, occupying parts of Northern Europe, Central Europe and Eastern Europe.[2][3] The Corded Ware culture is thought to have originated from the westward migration of Yamnaya-related people from the steppe-forest zone into the territory of late Neolithic European cultures such as the Globular Amphora and Funnelbeaker cultures,[4][5][6] and is considered to be a likely vector for the spread of many of the Indo-European languages in Europe and Asia.[1][7][8][9]
+
+    Corded Ware encompassed most of continental northern Europe from the Rhine on the west to the Volga in the east, including most of modern-day Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Belarus, Czech Republic, Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, Switzerland, northwestern Romania, northern Ukraine, and the European part of Russia, as well as coastal Norway and the southern portions of Sweden and Finland.[2] In the Late Eneolithic/Early Bronze Age, it encompassed the territory of nearly the entire Balkan Peninsula, where Corded Ware mixed with other steppe elements.[11]
+
+    Archaeologists note that Corded Ware was not a "unified culture," as Corded Ware groups inhabiting a vast geographical area from the Rhine to Volga seem to have regionally specific subsistence strategies and economies.[2]: 226  There are differences in the material culture and in settlements and society.[2] At the same time, they had several shared elements that are characteristic of all Corded Ware groups, such as their burial practices, pottery with "cord" decoration and unique stone-axes.[2]
+    |]
+    "",
+
+    CalendarEntry (2800 & yearsBeforeCommonEra) (Just $ 1800 & yearsBeforeCommonEra)
+    "Bell Beaker culture"
+    ""
+    [text|
+    The Bell Beaker culture (also described as the Bell Beaker complex or Bell Beaker phenomenon) is an archaeological culture named after the inverted-bell beaker drinking vessel used at the very beginning of the European Bronze Age. Arising from around 2800 BC, it lasted in Britain until as late as 1800 BC[1][2] but in continental Europe only until 2300 BC, when it was succeeded by the Unetice culture. The culture was widely dispersed throughout Western Europe, being present in many regions of Iberia and stretching eastward to the Danubian plains, and northward to the islands of Great Britain and Ireland, and was also present in the islands of Sicily and Sardinia and some small coastal areas in north-western Africa. The Bell Beaker phenomenon shows substantial regional variation, and a study[3] from 2018 found that it was associated with genetically diverse populations.
+
+    In its mature phase, the Bell Beaker culture is understood as not only a collection of characteristic artefact types, but a complex cultural phenomenon involving metalwork in copper and gold, long-distance exchange networks, archery, specific types of ornamentation, and (presumably) shared ideological, cultural and religious ideas, as well as social stratification and the emergence of regional elites.[6][7] A wide range of regional diversity persists within the widespread late Beaker culture, particularly in local burial styles (including incidences of cremation rather than burial), housing styles, economic profile, and local ceramic wares (Begleitkeramik). Nonetheless, according to Lemercier (2018) the mature phase of the Beaker culture represents "the appearance of a kind of Bell Beaker civilization of continental scale."[8]
+
+    Bell Beaker people took advantage of transport by sea and rivers, creating a cultural spread extending from Ireland to the Carpathian Basin and south along the Atlantic coast and along the Rhône valley to Portugal, North Africa, and Sicily, even penetrating northern and central Italy.[50] Its remains have been found in what is now Portugal, Spain, France (excluding the central massif), Ireland and Great Britain, the Low Countries and Germany between the Elbe and Rhine, with an extension along the upper Danube into the Vienna Basin (Austria), Hungary and the Czech Republic, with Mediterranean outposts on Sardinia and Sicily; there is less certain evidence for direct penetration in the east.
+    |]
+    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Beaker_culture",
+
+    CalendarEntry (11.7 & thousandYearsAgo) Nothing
+    "Ice Age ends"
+    ""
+    ""
+    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_Glacial_Period"
+
     ]
 
   where
+    yearsBeforeCommonEra n = yearsAgo (2022 + n)
     earthDescription = [text|
       The standard model for the formation of the Solar System (including the Earth) is the solar nebula hypothesis.[23] In this model, the Solar System formed from a large, rotating cloud of interstellar dust and gas called the solar nebula. It was composed of hydrogen and helium created shortly after the Big Bang 13.8 Ga (billion years ago) and heavier elements ejected by supernovae. About 4.5 Ga, the nebula began a contraction that may have been triggered by the shock wave from a nearby supernova.[24] A shock wave would have also made the nebula rotate. As the cloud began to accelerate, its angular momentum, gravity, and inertia flattened it into a protoplanetary disk perpendicular to its axis of rotation. Small perturbations due to collisions and the angular momentum of other large debris created the means by which kilometer-sized protoplanets began to form, orbiting the nebular center.[25]